Prevalence of dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania): Results of the Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS)
Background and objective: The Baltic nations (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) are profoundly affected by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies have indicated that patients may experience persistent dyslipidemia despite chronic statin treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the ris...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2014-01-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1010660X14000044 |
| _version_ | 1797717951506284544 |
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| author | Margus Viigimaa Andrejs Erglis Gustavs Latkovskis Ene Mäeots Žaneta Petrulionienė Rimvydas Šlapikas Anete Gocentiene Peter Bramlage Philippe Brudi |
| author_facet | Margus Viigimaa Andrejs Erglis Gustavs Latkovskis Ene Mäeots Žaneta Petrulionienė Rimvydas Šlapikas Anete Gocentiene Peter Bramlage Philippe Brudi |
| author_sort | Margus Viigimaa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and objective: The Baltic nations (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) are profoundly affected by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies have indicated that patients may experience persistent dyslipidemia despite chronic statin treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors for dyslipidemia despite statin-treatment in a large dataset from the Baltic nations.
Material and methods: Patients in primary care centers across the Baltic nations were enrolled into the cross-sectional, observational Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS). Patients were ≥45 years old and had been treated with statins for at least three months. Patient characteristics and lipid measurements were used to determine variables contributing to dyslipidemia (abnormal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], or total triglyceride [TG] values).
Results: We enrolled 1797 patients with a mean age of 66.1 years and 59.1% being female. Overall 63.4% had cardiovascular disease, 30.1% were diabetic and 77.8% at high risk for cardiovascular complications. LDL-C was not at target level for 80.7%; low HDL-C levels were observed for 26.0%, and elevated TG levels were found in 35.0% of all patients. Multivariate analyses indicated that a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.45–3.08) and hypertension (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.1 6–5.10) were strongly associated with dyslipidemia (involving all three lipids) during statin therapy while age ≥70 years (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.42–0.94) and female gender (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.33–0.68) conferred reduced risk.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate many statin-treated patients in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania did not meet target lipid levels and had a very high risk of CVD. Combating other well-known CVD risk factors such as obesity and hypertension is vital to reduce the exceptionally high risk for CVD mortality seen in the Baltic nations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:44:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-69553eb68cc84b0492115713b1a9dc3e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:44:52Z |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-69553eb68cc84b0492115713b1a9dc3e2023-09-02T16:30:33ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X2014-01-01501445310.1016/j.medici.2014.05.003Prevalence of dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania): Results of the Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS)Margus Viigimaa0Andrejs Erglis1Gustavs Latkovskis2Ene Mäeots3Žaneta Petrulionienė4Rimvydas Šlapikas5Anete Gocentiene6Peter Bramlage7Philippe Brudi8North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, EstoniaLatvian Center of Cardiology, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, LatviaLatvian Center of Cardiology, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, LatviaEast Tallinn Central Hospital, Tallinn, EstoniaVilnius University Hospital Santariškių Klinikos, Vilnius, LithuaniaMedical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, LithuaniaMSD UAB, Vilnius, LithuaniaInstitut für Pharmakologie und Präventive Medizin, Mahlow, GermanyMerck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, NJ, USABackground and objective: The Baltic nations (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) are profoundly affected by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies have indicated that patients may experience persistent dyslipidemia despite chronic statin treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors for dyslipidemia despite statin-treatment in a large dataset from the Baltic nations. Material and methods: Patients in primary care centers across the Baltic nations were enrolled into the cross-sectional, observational Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS). Patients were ≥45 years old and had been treated with statins for at least three months. Patient characteristics and lipid measurements were used to determine variables contributing to dyslipidemia (abnormal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], or total triglyceride [TG] values). Results: We enrolled 1797 patients with a mean age of 66.1 years and 59.1% being female. Overall 63.4% had cardiovascular disease, 30.1% were diabetic and 77.8% at high risk for cardiovascular complications. LDL-C was not at target level for 80.7%; low HDL-C levels were observed for 26.0%, and elevated TG levels were found in 35.0% of all patients. Multivariate analyses indicated that a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.45–3.08) and hypertension (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.1 6–5.10) were strongly associated with dyslipidemia (involving all three lipids) during statin therapy while age ≥70 years (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.42–0.94) and female gender (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.33–0.68) conferred reduced risk. Conclusions: Our findings indicate many statin-treated patients in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania did not meet target lipid levels and had a very high risk of CVD. Combating other well-known CVD risk factors such as obesity and hypertension is vital to reduce the exceptionally high risk for CVD mortality seen in the Baltic nations.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1010660X14000044Cardiovascular diseaseDyslipidemiaStatinsLow-density lipoprotein cholesterolHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterolTriglycerides |
| spellingShingle | Margus Viigimaa Andrejs Erglis Gustavs Latkovskis Ene Mäeots Žaneta Petrulionienė Rimvydas Šlapikas Anete Gocentiene Peter Bramlage Philippe Brudi Prevalence of dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania): Results of the Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS) Medicina Cardiovascular disease Dyslipidemia Statins Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol High-density lipoprotein cholesterol Triglycerides |
| title | Prevalence of dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania): Results of the Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS) |
| title_full | Prevalence of dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania): Results of the Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS) |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania): Results of the Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania): Results of the Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS) |
| title_short | Prevalence of dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania): Results of the Dyslipidemia International Study (DYSIS) |
| title_sort | prevalence of dyslipidemia in statin treated patients in the baltic states estonia latvia and lithuania results of the dyslipidemia international study dysis |
| topic | Cardiovascular disease Dyslipidemia Statins Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol High-density lipoprotein cholesterol Triglycerides |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1010660X14000044 |
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