Dynamics of humoral immunity during natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and/or after vaccination with the Sputnik V vaccine
Comprehensive analysis of the adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for epidemiological monitoring, verd immunity stages tracking and vaccination strategies. Understanding the differences between immunity formed as a result of COVID-19 and immunity induced by a specific vaccine is a spe...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Russian |
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St. Petersburg branch of the Russian Association of Allergologists and Clinical Immunologists
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Медицинская иммунология |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/2919 |
| Summary: | Comprehensive analysis of the adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for epidemiological monitoring, verd immunity stages tracking and vaccination strategies. Understanding the differences between immunity formed as a result of COVID-19 and immunity induced by a specific vaccine is a specific task within this problem.Moreover it is of obvious interest to assess the effect of repeated antigenic stimulation on immunological protection against SARS-CoV-2.The aim of present study is a comparative analysis of humoral immunity (anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulins A and G) development after natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and/or after vaccination with anti-Covid vaccine“Sputnik V”.The study involved 36 volunteers. 21 of them had Covid-19 and were then vaccinated about 8-10 months later (group 1). In 15 primary vaccinated people previous SARS-CoV-2 infections were excluded using periodic PCR and serological tests (group 2).The humoral immune response intensity during primary natural infection with coronavirus and such intensity as a result of adaptive immunity induction against SARS-CoV-2 through vaccination with Sputnik V vaccine is the same in both groups. However both the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG mean maximum values and humoral immune response development rate after vaccination differ significantly between people who have previously had COVID-19 and those who have not previously been infected with SARS-CoV-2. We’ve got statistically significant differences between two groups of participants using Student's t test comparing the average maximum IgA levels after vaccination (P < 0.05). For IgG these differences are somewhat smaller.In the first group the average maximum values of specific IgA and IgG levels after natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and after subsequent vaccination differ by more than 2 times.The time interval during which the antibodies levels in the blood reached maximum values after vaccination in people who had previously had COVID-19 turned out to be significantly shorter than in people who had not previously encountered SARS-CoV-2 infection. And in terms of time the IgG antibody response development after vaccination and in the case of diagnosed COVID-19 in the first group we obtained a statistically significant difference according to Student’s t-test (P < 0.05).Thus people with a previous natural infection develop a faster, stronger and more durable response to the Sputnik V vaccine than people who were not previously infected. |
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| ISSN: | 1563-0625 2313-741X |