Efficacy evaluation of a commercially available MCT enriched therapeutic diet on dogs with idiopathic epilepsy treated with zonisamide: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover dietary preliminary study
Abstract Background Idiopathic epilepsy (IE) is a common, chronic brain dysfunction in dogs. Recently, the effect of feeding a diet enriched with medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) on seizure frequency has been evaluated in several studies in dogs with IE. However, most dogs with IE in previous studi...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2023-09-01
|
| Series: | BMC Veterinary Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03710-4 |
| _version_ | 1827633894484082688 |
|---|---|
| author | Kazumasa Nakatsuka Brian Zanghi Daisuke Hasegawa |
| author_facet | Kazumasa Nakatsuka Brian Zanghi Daisuke Hasegawa |
| author_sort | Kazumasa Nakatsuka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Idiopathic epilepsy (IE) is a common, chronic brain dysfunction in dogs. Recently, the effect of feeding a diet enriched with medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) on seizure frequency has been evaluated in several studies in dogs with IE. However, most dogs with IE in previous studies were treated with phenobarbital as the main antiseizure medication (ASM). In Japan, zonisamide (ZNS) is the most prescribed ASM for dogs with IE. The interaction between ZNS and various nutrients including MCTs and the potential effects on treatment efficacy resulting from combining these therapies have not been previously studied. A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover dietary study was conducted. Dogs (n = 7) treated with ZNS were fed either a placebo diet (PL) or Purina ProPlan Veterinary Diet NeuroCare (NC) for 3 months, after which treatments were crossed over and continued for another 3 months. Seizure frequency (seizures/month; sz/m), blood tests including concentrations of ZNS and β-hydroxybutyric acid, and owner’s visual analogue scale score were collected from all dogs for both treatment periods. Results There was no significant difference in the seizure frequency between PL (2.95 ± 0.80 sz/m) and NC (1.90 ± 0.57 sz/m) during the 6 months of trial. Three of 7 dogs showed ≥ 50% seizure reduction, and 1 of those 3 dogs achieved seizure freedom in NC period. However, 2 of 7 dogs had no changes in epileptic seizure frequency, 2 of 7 dogs had a deterioration in seizure frequency in the NC period. Feeding the MCT diet concurrent with ZNS showed no apparent adverse effects and did not affect ZNS concentration. Conclusions This study indicated that the commercially available MCT-enriched diet (NC) can be safely used concurrently with ZNS for dogs with IE. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:05:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-696c10a6ab9e44f397917672ab8f1228 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1746-6148 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:05:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-696c10a6ab9e44f397917672ab8f12282023-11-26T13:38:30ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482023-09-0119111010.1186/s12917-023-03710-4Efficacy evaluation of a commercially available MCT enriched therapeutic diet on dogs with idiopathic epilepsy treated with zonisamide: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover dietary preliminary studyKazumasa Nakatsuka0Brian Zanghi1Daisuke Hasegawa2Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori UniversityGlobal Nutrition and Communications, Nestlé Purina PetCareLaboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science UniversityAbstract Background Idiopathic epilepsy (IE) is a common, chronic brain dysfunction in dogs. Recently, the effect of feeding a diet enriched with medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) on seizure frequency has been evaluated in several studies in dogs with IE. However, most dogs with IE in previous studies were treated with phenobarbital as the main antiseizure medication (ASM). In Japan, zonisamide (ZNS) is the most prescribed ASM for dogs with IE. The interaction between ZNS and various nutrients including MCTs and the potential effects on treatment efficacy resulting from combining these therapies have not been previously studied. A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover dietary study was conducted. Dogs (n = 7) treated with ZNS were fed either a placebo diet (PL) or Purina ProPlan Veterinary Diet NeuroCare (NC) for 3 months, after which treatments were crossed over and continued for another 3 months. Seizure frequency (seizures/month; sz/m), blood tests including concentrations of ZNS and β-hydroxybutyric acid, and owner’s visual analogue scale score were collected from all dogs for both treatment periods. Results There was no significant difference in the seizure frequency between PL (2.95 ± 0.80 sz/m) and NC (1.90 ± 0.57 sz/m) during the 6 months of trial. Three of 7 dogs showed ≥ 50% seizure reduction, and 1 of those 3 dogs achieved seizure freedom in NC period. However, 2 of 7 dogs had no changes in epileptic seizure frequency, 2 of 7 dogs had a deterioration in seizure frequency in the NC period. Feeding the MCT diet concurrent with ZNS showed no apparent adverse effects and did not affect ZNS concentration. Conclusions This study indicated that the commercially available MCT-enriched diet (NC) can be safely used concurrently with ZNS for dogs with IE.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03710-4β-hydroxybutyric acidEpilepsyMCT oilMedium-chain triglycerideNeuroCareSeizure |
| spellingShingle | Kazumasa Nakatsuka Brian Zanghi Daisuke Hasegawa Efficacy evaluation of a commercially available MCT enriched therapeutic diet on dogs with idiopathic epilepsy treated with zonisamide: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover dietary preliminary study BMC Veterinary Research β-hydroxybutyric acid Epilepsy MCT oil Medium-chain triglyceride NeuroCare Seizure |
| title | Efficacy evaluation of a commercially available MCT enriched therapeutic diet on dogs with idiopathic epilepsy treated with zonisamide: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover dietary preliminary study |
| title_full | Efficacy evaluation of a commercially available MCT enriched therapeutic diet on dogs with idiopathic epilepsy treated with zonisamide: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover dietary preliminary study |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy evaluation of a commercially available MCT enriched therapeutic diet on dogs with idiopathic epilepsy treated with zonisamide: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover dietary preliminary study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy evaluation of a commercially available MCT enriched therapeutic diet on dogs with idiopathic epilepsy treated with zonisamide: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover dietary preliminary study |
| title_short | Efficacy evaluation of a commercially available MCT enriched therapeutic diet on dogs with idiopathic epilepsy treated with zonisamide: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover dietary preliminary study |
| title_sort | efficacy evaluation of a commercially available mct enriched therapeutic diet on dogs with idiopathic epilepsy treated with zonisamide a prospective randomized double blinded placebo controlled crossover dietary preliminary study |
| topic | β-hydroxybutyric acid Epilepsy MCT oil Medium-chain triglyceride NeuroCare Seizure |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03710-4 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kazumasanakatsuka efficacyevaluationofacommerciallyavailablemctenrichedtherapeuticdietondogswithidiopathicepilepsytreatedwithzonisamideaprospectiverandomizeddoubleblindedplacebocontrolledcrossoverdietarypreliminarystudy AT brianzanghi efficacyevaluationofacommerciallyavailablemctenrichedtherapeuticdietondogswithidiopathicepilepsytreatedwithzonisamideaprospectiverandomizeddoubleblindedplacebocontrolledcrossoverdietarypreliminarystudy AT daisukehasegawa efficacyevaluationofacommerciallyavailablemctenrichedtherapeuticdietondogswithidiopathicepilepsytreatedwithzonisamideaprospectiverandomizeddoubleblindedplacebocontrolledcrossoverdietarypreliminarystudy |