<i>Osmunda japonica</i> Extract Suppresses Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines by Downregulating NF-κB Activation in Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts Infected with Oral Pathogenic Bacteria
Periodontal diseases are caused by bacterial infection and may progress to chronic dental disease; severe inflammation may result in bone loss. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent bacterial infection or control inflammation. Periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) are responsible for the maintena...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/7/2453 |
| Summary: | Periodontal diseases are caused by bacterial infection and may progress to chronic dental disease; severe inflammation may result in bone loss. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent bacterial infection or control inflammation. Periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) are responsible for the maintenance of tissue integrity and immune and inflammatory events in periodontal diseases. The formation of bacterial complexes by <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> and <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> is crucial in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. <i>F. nucleatum</i> is a facultative anaerobic species, considered to be a key mediator of dental plaque maturation and aggregation of other oral bacteria. <i>P. gingivalis</i> is an obligate anaerobic species that induces gingival inflammation by secreting virulence factors. In this study, we investigated whether <i>Osmunda japonica</i> extract exerted anti-inflammatory effects in primary PDLFs stimulated by oral pathogens. PDLFs were stimulated with <i>F. nucleatum</i> or <i>P. gingivalis</i>. We showed that pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6 and IL-8) expression was induced by LPS or bacterial infection but decreased by treatment with <i>O. japonica</i> extract following bacterial infection. We found that the activation of NF-κB, a transcription factor for pro-inflammatory cytokines, was modulated by <i>O. japonica</i> extract. Thus, <i>O. japonica</i> extract has immunomodulatory activity that can be harnessed to control inflammation. |
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| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |