Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Chitosan Nanoparticles with Pyrimidine Derivative for Enhancing Ion Sorption and Application for Removal of Contaminants
Modified chitosan has been widely used for heavy metals removal during the last few decades. In this research, the study was focused on the effect of modified chitosan particles after grafting with heterocyclic constituent for enhancing the sorption of Cr(VI) ions. Chitosan was functionalized by 2-t...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/13/4676 |
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| author | Mohammed F. Hamza Yuezhou Wei Khalid Althumayri Amr Fouda Nora A. Hamad |
| author_facet | Mohammed F. Hamza Yuezhou Wei Khalid Althumayri Amr Fouda Nora A. Hamad |
| author_sort | Mohammed F. Hamza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Modified chitosan has been widely used for heavy metals removal during the last few decades. In this research, the study was focused on the effect of modified chitosan particles after grafting with heterocyclic constituent for enhancing the sorption of Cr(VI) ions. Chitosan was functionalized by 2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione, in which the synthesized composite considered as a nanoscale size with average 5–7 nm. This explains the fast kinetics of sorption with large surface area. The prepared sorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), elemental analysis (EA), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET surface area) theory, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), mass spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) analyses. The experimental part of this work involved the application of the synthesized sorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from highly contaminated tannery effluents that are characterized by a high concentration toward chromate ions with other associated toxic elements, i.e., Pb(II) and Cd (II) ions, which underscore the importance of this treatment. Under the selected conditions (K<sub>2</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> salt, C<sub>o</sub>: 100 mg L<sup>−1</sup> and pH: 4), the sorption diagram shows high Cr(VI) sorption and fast uptake kinetics. The sorption was enhanced by functionalization to 5.7 mmol Cr g<sup>−1</sup> as well as fast uptake kinetics; 30 min is sufficient for total sorption compared with 1.97 mmol Cr g<sup>−1</sup> and 60 min for the non-grafted sorbent. The Langmuir and Sips equations were fitted for the sorption isotherms, while the pseudo-first order rate equation (PFORE) was fitted for the uptake kinetics. |
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| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-6977e1a5b71c4d028a00f86291253a582023-11-30T22:10:41ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-07-011513467610.3390/ma15134676Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Chitosan Nanoparticles with Pyrimidine Derivative for Enhancing Ion Sorption and Application for Removal of ContaminantsMohammed F. Hamza0Yuezhou Wei1Khalid Althumayri2Amr Fouda3Nora A. Hamad4School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, ChinaSchool of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, ChinaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 30002, Saudi ArabiaBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menofia University, Shebin El-Kom 32511, EgyptModified chitosan has been widely used for heavy metals removal during the last few decades. In this research, the study was focused on the effect of modified chitosan particles after grafting with heterocyclic constituent for enhancing the sorption of Cr(VI) ions. Chitosan was functionalized by 2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione, in which the synthesized composite considered as a nanoscale size with average 5–7 nm. This explains the fast kinetics of sorption with large surface area. The prepared sorbent was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), elemental analysis (EA), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET surface area) theory, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), mass spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) analyses. The experimental part of this work involved the application of the synthesized sorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from highly contaminated tannery effluents that are characterized by a high concentration toward chromate ions with other associated toxic elements, i.e., Pb(II) and Cd (II) ions, which underscore the importance of this treatment. Under the selected conditions (K<sub>2</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> salt, C<sub>o</sub>: 100 mg L<sup>−1</sup> and pH: 4), the sorption diagram shows high Cr(VI) sorption and fast uptake kinetics. The sorption was enhanced by functionalization to 5.7 mmol Cr g<sup>−1</sup> as well as fast uptake kinetics; 30 min is sufficient for total sorption compared with 1.97 mmol Cr g<sup>−1</sup> and 60 min for the non-grafted sorbent. The Langmuir and Sips equations were fitted for the sorption isotherms, while the pseudo-first order rate equation (PFORE) was fitted for the uptake kinetics.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/13/4676modified chitosanchromium removaluptake kineticspyrimidinedione derivativeeco-friendly adsorbent |
| spellingShingle | Mohammed F. Hamza Yuezhou Wei Khalid Althumayri Amr Fouda Nora A. Hamad Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Chitosan Nanoparticles with Pyrimidine Derivative for Enhancing Ion Sorption and Application for Removal of Contaminants Materials modified chitosan chromium removal uptake kinetics pyrimidinedione derivative eco-friendly adsorbent |
| title | Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Chitosan Nanoparticles with Pyrimidine Derivative for Enhancing Ion Sorption and Application for Removal of Contaminants |
| title_full | Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Chitosan Nanoparticles with Pyrimidine Derivative for Enhancing Ion Sorption and Application for Removal of Contaminants |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Chitosan Nanoparticles with Pyrimidine Derivative for Enhancing Ion Sorption and Application for Removal of Contaminants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Chitosan Nanoparticles with Pyrimidine Derivative for Enhancing Ion Sorption and Application for Removal of Contaminants |
| title_short | Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Chitosan Nanoparticles with Pyrimidine Derivative for Enhancing Ion Sorption and Application for Removal of Contaminants |
| title_sort | synthesis and characterization of functionalized chitosan nanoparticles with pyrimidine derivative for enhancing ion sorption and application for removal of contaminants |
| topic | modified chitosan chromium removal uptake kinetics pyrimidinedione derivative eco-friendly adsorbent |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/13/4676 |
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