Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Gender-based Violence in SAARC Territories from 2010 to 2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Background: Gender-based violence is a key global concern due to the high prevalence and increased socio-economic burden for survivors. However, estimation of the prevalence of gender-based violence is difficult due to differences in study design and underreporting of abuse, especially in developin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nepal Health Research Council
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nepal Health Research Council |
| Online Access: | https://jnhrc.com.np/index.php/jnhrc/article/view/4011 |
| _version_ | 1811244509753769984 |
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| author | Ganesh Dangal Niki Shrestha Gayatri Khanal Subarna Giri Anup Ghimire Shiva Aryal Barun Babu Aryal Anurag Adhikari Ayusha Paudel Pravash Budhathoki Dhan Bahadur Shrestha |
| author_facet | Ganesh Dangal Niki Shrestha Gayatri Khanal Subarna Giri Anup Ghimire Shiva Aryal Barun Babu Aryal Anurag Adhikari Ayusha Paudel Pravash Budhathoki Dhan Bahadur Shrestha |
| author_sort | Ganesh Dangal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Background: Gender-based violence is a key global concern due to the high prevalence and increased socio-economic burden for survivors. However, estimation of the prevalence of gender-based violence is difficult due to differences in study design and underreporting of abuse, especially in developing nations. Therefore, we conducted this study to estimate the prevalence of Gender-based violence among women living in the SAARC region.
Methods: The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020219577). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed throughout the review. A thorough database search was conducted to identify studies done in the SAARC region. Title and abstract screening were done in Covidence, followed by a full-text review. Data were extracted and pooled for analysis using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subgroup analysis was done where possible.
Results: A total of 76 studies were included in the systematic review and metaanalysis. The community prevalence of domestic violence (DV) was 43.8% (95% CI, 35.1% - 52.9%), GBV prevalence was 34.9% (95% CI, 30.2% - 39.9%) and IPV prevalence was 39.8% (95% CI, 30.7% - 49.6%). GBV prevalence was highest in illiterate women [54.2% (95% CI, 46.8% - 61.5%)] and lowest among women with higher than secondary level education [23.1% (95% CI, 16.2% - 32.0%)]. The prevalence of GBV among women in pregnancy or postpartum period was 32.3% (95% CI, 25.1% - 40.4%, I2: 98.64), while among female sexual workers, the prevalence of Gender-based violence was 42.1% (95% CI, 28.1% - 57.5%, I2: 99.25).
Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of Gender-based violence in the SAARC region. Higher socioeconomic status and educational status are protective factors for Gender-based violence. However, more studies using validated tools are needed to understand the true extent of the problem.
Keywords: Domestic violence; gender-based violence; pregnancy; women.
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T14:26:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6978602bffbd4afd90138611cd100d65 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1727-5482 1999-6217 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T14:26:19Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Nepal Health Research Council |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nepal Health Research Council |
| spelling | doaj.art-6978602bffbd4afd90138611cd100d652022-12-22T03:29:25ZengNepal Health Research CouncilJournal of Nepal Health Research Council1727-54821999-62172022-06-01200110.33314/jnhrc.v20i01.4011Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Gender-based Violence in SAARC Territories from 2010 to 2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysisGanesh Dangal0Niki Shrestha1Gayatri Khanal2Subarna Giri3Anup Ghimire 4Shiva Aryal5Barun Babu Aryal6Anurag Adhikari7Ayusha Paudel8Pravash Budhathoki9Dhan Bahadur Shrestha10Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS), Kathmandu-44600, Nepal,Department of Community Medicine, Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, Chitwan, NepalDepartment of Community Medicine, Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal,Department of Internal Medicine, Trivuwan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal,Department of Internal Medicine, Trivuwan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, NepalDepartment of Internal Medicine, Trivuwan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, NepalDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, NepalDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Nepal National Hospital, Kathmandu, NepalDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Alka Hospital, Kathmandu, NepalDepartment of Internal Medicine, Bronxcare Health System, Bronx, NY, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA Background: Gender-based violence is a key global concern due to the high prevalence and increased socio-economic burden for survivors. However, estimation of the prevalence of gender-based violence is difficult due to differences in study design and underreporting of abuse, especially in developing nations. Therefore, we conducted this study to estimate the prevalence of Gender-based violence among women living in the SAARC region. Methods: The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020219577). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed throughout the review. A thorough database search was conducted to identify studies done in the SAARC region. Title and abstract screening were done in Covidence, followed by a full-text review. Data were extracted and pooled for analysis using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subgroup analysis was done where possible. Results: A total of 76 studies were included in the systematic review and metaanalysis. The community prevalence of domestic violence (DV) was 43.8% (95% CI, 35.1% - 52.9%), GBV prevalence was 34.9% (95% CI, 30.2% - 39.9%) and IPV prevalence was 39.8% (95% CI, 30.7% - 49.6%). GBV prevalence was highest in illiterate women [54.2% (95% CI, 46.8% - 61.5%)] and lowest among women with higher than secondary level education [23.1% (95% CI, 16.2% - 32.0%)]. The prevalence of GBV among women in pregnancy or postpartum period was 32.3% (95% CI, 25.1% - 40.4%, I2: 98.64), while among female sexual workers, the prevalence of Gender-based violence was 42.1% (95% CI, 28.1% - 57.5%, I2: 99.25). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of Gender-based violence in the SAARC region. Higher socioeconomic status and educational status are protective factors for Gender-based violence. However, more studies using validated tools are needed to understand the true extent of the problem. Keywords: Domestic violence; gender-based violence; pregnancy; women. https://jnhrc.com.np/index.php/jnhrc/article/view/4011 |
| spellingShingle | Ganesh Dangal Niki Shrestha Gayatri Khanal Subarna Giri Anup Ghimire Shiva Aryal Barun Babu Aryal Anurag Adhikari Ayusha Paudel Pravash Budhathoki Dhan Bahadur Shrestha Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Gender-based Violence in SAARC Territories from 2010 to 2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Journal of Nepal Health Research Council |
| title | Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Gender-based Violence in SAARC Territories from 2010 to 2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
| title_full | Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Gender-based Violence in SAARC Territories from 2010 to 2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Gender-based Violence in SAARC Territories from 2010 to 2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Gender-based Violence in SAARC Territories from 2010 to 2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
| title_short | Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Gender-based Violence in SAARC Territories from 2010 to 2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
| title_sort | prevalence and contributing factors of gender based violence in saarc territories from 2010 to 2020 a systematic review and meta analysis |
| url | https://jnhrc.com.np/index.php/jnhrc/article/view/4011 |
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