Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Modulation and Approaches for Prevention and Therapy
Inflammation and oxidative stress are critical underlying mechanisms associated with COVID-19 that contribute to the complications and clinical deterioration of patients. Additionally, COVID-19 has the potential to alter the composition of patients’ gut microbiota, characterized by a decreased abund...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/15/12249 |
| _version_ | 1797586604390350848 |
|---|---|
| author | Virna Margarita Martín Giménez Javier Modrego Dulcenombre Gómez-Garre Walter Manucha Natalia de las Heras |
| author_facet | Virna Margarita Martín Giménez Javier Modrego Dulcenombre Gómez-Garre Walter Manucha Natalia de las Heras |
| author_sort | Virna Margarita Martín Giménez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Inflammation and oxidative stress are critical underlying mechanisms associated with COVID-19 that contribute to the complications and clinical deterioration of patients. Additionally, COVID-19 has the potential to alter the composition of patients’ gut microbiota, characterized by a decreased abundance of bacteria with probiotic effects. Interestingly, certain strains of these bacteria produce metabolites that can target the S protein of other coronaviruses, thereby preventing their transmission and harmful effects. At the same time, the presence of gut dysbiosis can exacerbate inflammation and oxidative stress, creating a vicious cycle that perpetuates the disease. Furthermore, it is widely recognized that the gut microbiota can metabolize various foods and drugs, producing by-products that may have either beneficial or detrimental effects. In this regard, a decrease in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, can influence the overall inflammatory and oxidative state, affecting the prevention, treatment, or worsening of COVID-19. This review aims to explore the current evidence regarding gut dysbiosis in patients with COVID-19, its association with inflammation and oxidative stress, the molecular mechanisms involved, and the potential of gut microbiota modulation in preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given that gut microbiota has demonstrated high adaptability, exploring ways and strategies to maintain good intestinal health, as well as an appropriate diversity and composition of the gut microbiome, becomes crucial in the battle against COVID-19. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:25:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-69994d18b127430b916943c0191dc5d9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:25:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-69994d18b127430b916943c0191dc5d92023-11-18T23:02:29ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-07-0124151224910.3390/ijms241512249Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Modulation and Approaches for Prevention and TherapyVirna Margarita Martín Giménez0Javier Modrego1Dulcenombre Gómez-Garre2Walter Manucha3Natalia de las Heras4Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan 5400, ArgentinaLaboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, SpainLaboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, SpainÁrea de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, ArgentinaDepartamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n. Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, SpainInflammation and oxidative stress are critical underlying mechanisms associated with COVID-19 that contribute to the complications and clinical deterioration of patients. Additionally, COVID-19 has the potential to alter the composition of patients’ gut microbiota, characterized by a decreased abundance of bacteria with probiotic effects. Interestingly, certain strains of these bacteria produce metabolites that can target the S protein of other coronaviruses, thereby preventing their transmission and harmful effects. At the same time, the presence of gut dysbiosis can exacerbate inflammation and oxidative stress, creating a vicious cycle that perpetuates the disease. Furthermore, it is widely recognized that the gut microbiota can metabolize various foods and drugs, producing by-products that may have either beneficial or detrimental effects. In this regard, a decrease in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, can influence the overall inflammatory and oxidative state, affecting the prevention, treatment, or worsening of COVID-19. This review aims to explore the current evidence regarding gut dysbiosis in patients with COVID-19, its association with inflammation and oxidative stress, the molecular mechanisms involved, and the potential of gut microbiota modulation in preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given that gut microbiota has demonstrated high adaptability, exploring ways and strategies to maintain good intestinal health, as well as an appropriate diversity and composition of the gut microbiome, becomes crucial in the battle against COVID-19.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/15/12249gut microbiotainflammationimmune systemCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2probiotics |
| spellingShingle | Virna Margarita Martín Giménez Javier Modrego Dulcenombre Gómez-Garre Walter Manucha Natalia de las Heras Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Modulation and Approaches for Prevention and Therapy International Journal of Molecular Sciences gut microbiota inflammation immune system COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 probiotics |
| title | Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Modulation and Approaches for Prevention and Therapy |
| title_full | Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Modulation and Approaches for Prevention and Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Modulation and Approaches for Prevention and Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Modulation and Approaches for Prevention and Therapy |
| title_short | Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Modulation and Approaches for Prevention and Therapy |
| title_sort | gut microbiota dysbiosis in covid 19 modulation and approaches for prevention and therapy |
| topic | gut microbiota inflammation immune system COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 probiotics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/15/12249 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT virnamargaritamartingimenez gutmicrobiotadysbiosisincovid19modulationandapproachesforpreventionandtherapy AT javiermodrego gutmicrobiotadysbiosisincovid19modulationandapproachesforpreventionandtherapy AT dulcenombregomezgarre gutmicrobiotadysbiosisincovid19modulationandapproachesforpreventionandtherapy AT waltermanucha gutmicrobiotadysbiosisincovid19modulationandapproachesforpreventionandtherapy AT nataliadelasheras gutmicrobiotadysbiosisincovid19modulationandapproachesforpreventionandtherapy |