An overview of amenorrhea and respective remedies in Traditional Persian Medicine
<p>Amenorrhea is described as complete absence or cessation of menstruation. Besides conventional treatment approaches, traditional and complementary medical systems have suggested numerous natural medications for management of amenorrhea. Current study aimed to compile the pharmacological rep...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
2016-02-01
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| Series: | Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://tips.sums.ac.ir/index.php/TiPS/article/view/54 |
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| author | Abdolmajid Elahi Aref Fereidooni Farbod Shahabinezhad Mehdi Ajdari Tafti Mohammad-Mehdi Zarshenas |
| author_facet | Abdolmajid Elahi Aref Fereidooni Farbod Shahabinezhad Mehdi Ajdari Tafti Mohammad-Mehdi Zarshenas |
| author_sort | Abdolmajid Elahi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Amenorrhea is described as complete absence or cessation of menstruation. Besides conventional treatment approaches, traditional and complementary medical systems have suggested numerous natural medications for management of amenorrhea. Current study aimed to compile the pharmacological reports on amenorrhea from the standpoints of early Persian scholars. Medical and pharmaceutical manuscripts of Persian medicine from 9<sup>th</sup> to 18<sup>th</sup> centuries A.D. have been reviewed to extract the critical points and natural remedies. Based on Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM), impairment in uterus, brain and circulation are main causes of amenorrhea. Any obstruction, either anatomical or functional, in uterus and allied organs or tissues may lead the body to this disorder. Concerning herbal therapy of amenorrhea in TPM, 71 medicinal plants related to 35 families were found. The most prevalent families were Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Fabaceae, respectively. Usual routes of administration were oral, vaginal and topical. However, there was one report on a medicament, spoken to be effective nasally. Traditionally, emmenagogue medicines should possess diuretic activity to be effective for amenorrhea. All reported remedies were known as diuretic agents. However, this description is not corresponded with what is now accepted as diuretic. On the other hand, only <em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> showed therapeutic effects on amenorrhea in a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Despite lack of novel information on emmenagogue activity of these remedies, design and conducting evidence-based animal or human studies may be beneficial for new drug discovery from traditional knowledge. </p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T07:12:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-69a4c3dd65c040dd86aacbdb97d6b442 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2423-3722 2423-5652 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T07:12:35Z |
| publishDate | 2016-02-01 |
| publisher | Shiraz University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-69a4c3dd65c040dd86aacbdb97d6b4422022-12-22T01:16:18ZengShiraz University of Medical SciencesTrends in Pharmaceutical Sciences2423-37222423-56522016-02-012131010.1111/tips.v2i1.5448An overview of amenorrhea and respective remedies in Traditional Persian MedicineAbdolmajid Elahi0Aref Fereidooni1Farbod Shahabinezhad2Mehdi Ajdari Tafti3Mohammad-Mehdi Zarshenas4Students Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranStudents Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.Students Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.<p>Amenorrhea is described as complete absence or cessation of menstruation. Besides conventional treatment approaches, traditional and complementary medical systems have suggested numerous natural medications for management of amenorrhea. Current study aimed to compile the pharmacological reports on amenorrhea from the standpoints of early Persian scholars. Medical and pharmaceutical manuscripts of Persian medicine from 9<sup>th</sup> to 18<sup>th</sup> centuries A.D. have been reviewed to extract the critical points and natural remedies. Based on Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM), impairment in uterus, brain and circulation are main causes of amenorrhea. Any obstruction, either anatomical or functional, in uterus and allied organs or tissues may lead the body to this disorder. Concerning herbal therapy of amenorrhea in TPM, 71 medicinal plants related to 35 families were found. The most prevalent families were Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Fabaceae, respectively. Usual routes of administration were oral, vaginal and topical. However, there was one report on a medicament, spoken to be effective nasally. Traditionally, emmenagogue medicines should possess diuretic activity to be effective for amenorrhea. All reported remedies were known as diuretic agents. However, this description is not corresponded with what is now accepted as diuretic. On the other hand, only <em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> showed therapeutic effects on amenorrhea in a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Despite lack of novel information on emmenagogue activity of these remedies, design and conducting evidence-based animal or human studies may be beneficial for new drug discovery from traditional knowledge. </p>http://tips.sums.ac.ir/index.php/TiPS/article/view/54Amenorrhea, emmenagogue, Herbal medicine, Traditional medicine, Persia |
| spellingShingle | Abdolmajid Elahi Aref Fereidooni Farbod Shahabinezhad Mehdi Ajdari Tafti Mohammad-Mehdi Zarshenas An overview of amenorrhea and respective remedies in Traditional Persian Medicine Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences Amenorrhea, emmenagogue, Herbal medicine, Traditional medicine, Persia |
| title | An overview of amenorrhea and respective remedies in Traditional Persian Medicine |
| title_full | An overview of amenorrhea and respective remedies in Traditional Persian Medicine |
| title_fullStr | An overview of amenorrhea and respective remedies in Traditional Persian Medicine |
| title_full_unstemmed | An overview of amenorrhea and respective remedies in Traditional Persian Medicine |
| title_short | An overview of amenorrhea and respective remedies in Traditional Persian Medicine |
| title_sort | overview of amenorrhea and respective remedies in traditional persian medicine |
| topic | Amenorrhea, emmenagogue, Herbal medicine, Traditional medicine, Persia |
| url | http://tips.sums.ac.ir/index.php/TiPS/article/view/54 |
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