Nitrate removal in saline water by photo-reduction using natural FeTiO3 as catalyst
As climate change progresses, there is an increasing interest on the use of non-conventional water sources such as brackish or saline waters. Nowadays, the main threat in Europe detected in these waterbodies is nitrate contamination. Within the multiple available methods studied for nitrate reductio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Chemical Engineering Journal Advances |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666821122001478 |
| _version_ | 1811315777270185984 |
|---|---|
| author | Jefferson E. Silveira Alicia L. Garcia-Costa Jaime Carbajo Alyson R. Ribeiro Gema Pliego Wendel S. Paz Juan A. Zazo Jose A. Casas |
| author_facet | Jefferson E. Silveira Alicia L. Garcia-Costa Jaime Carbajo Alyson R. Ribeiro Gema Pliego Wendel S. Paz Juan A. Zazo Jose A. Casas |
| author_sort | Jefferson E. Silveira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As climate change progresses, there is an increasing interest on the use of non-conventional water sources such as brackish or saline waters. Nowadays, the main threat in Europe detected in these waterbodies is nitrate contamination. Within the multiple available methods studied for nitrate reduction, photocatalysis presents promising results, but this technology has not yet been tested in saline water. This work tackles the elimination of nitrate ([NO3−] =50 mg/L) in brackish and saline water ([sea salt] = 5–33 g/L) using ilmenite as photocatalyst and oxalic acid as an environmental-friendly reducing agent. The main challenge when working in saline water is to overcome oxalic acid scavenging by Ca2+ present in the water matrix. This can be solved either working at over stoichiometric concentrations of oxalic acid (≈300% stoich. dose) or acidifying the reaction media. The addition of hydrochloric acid ensures the protonation of oxalic acid, reducing drastically its precipitation as CaC2O4. Working at [C2O42−] = 180 mg/L, [FeTiO3] = 450 mg/L and [HCl 37%] = 13 mM, 73% total nitrogen (TN) elimination was reached after 420 min. Reaction temperature was also evaluated in the range of 20–80 °C, which allowed to calculate the Ea=9.8 kJ/mol. Finally, the effect of dissolved O2 on the TN reduction was assessed. Overall, photocatalytic nitrate reduction presents itself as a feasible technology regardless of the water salinity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T11:36:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-69a9a68c0f1240bfbbaab88227afe2f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-8211 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T11:36:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemical Engineering Journal Advances |
| spelling | doaj.art-69a9a68c0f1240bfbbaab88227afe2f22022-12-22T02:48:26ZengElsevierChemical Engineering Journal Advances2666-82112022-11-0112100387Nitrate removal in saline water by photo-reduction using natural FeTiO3 as catalystJefferson E. Silveira0Alicia L. Garcia-Costa1Jaime Carbajo2Alyson R. Ribeiro3Gema Pliego4Wendel S. Paz5Juan A. Zazo6Jose A. Casas7Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049 Spain; Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil; Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES 29075-910, Brazil; Corresponding authors.Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049 SpainDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049 SpainDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, BrazilDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049 SpainDepartamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES 29075-910, Brazil; Corresponding authors.Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049 SpainDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049 SpainAs climate change progresses, there is an increasing interest on the use of non-conventional water sources such as brackish or saline waters. Nowadays, the main threat in Europe detected in these waterbodies is nitrate contamination. Within the multiple available methods studied for nitrate reduction, photocatalysis presents promising results, but this technology has not yet been tested in saline water. This work tackles the elimination of nitrate ([NO3−] =50 mg/L) in brackish and saline water ([sea salt] = 5–33 g/L) using ilmenite as photocatalyst and oxalic acid as an environmental-friendly reducing agent. The main challenge when working in saline water is to overcome oxalic acid scavenging by Ca2+ present in the water matrix. This can be solved either working at over stoichiometric concentrations of oxalic acid (≈300% stoich. dose) or acidifying the reaction media. The addition of hydrochloric acid ensures the protonation of oxalic acid, reducing drastically its precipitation as CaC2O4. Working at [C2O42−] = 180 mg/L, [FeTiO3] = 450 mg/L and [HCl 37%] = 13 mM, 73% total nitrogen (TN) elimination was reached after 420 min. Reaction temperature was also evaluated in the range of 20–80 °C, which allowed to calculate the Ea=9.8 kJ/mol. Finally, the effect of dissolved O2 on the TN reduction was assessed. Overall, photocatalytic nitrate reduction presents itself as a feasible technology regardless of the water salinity.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666821122001478NitratePhoto-reductionBrackish groundwaterIlmeniteWater conditioning |
| spellingShingle | Jefferson E. Silveira Alicia L. Garcia-Costa Jaime Carbajo Alyson R. Ribeiro Gema Pliego Wendel S. Paz Juan A. Zazo Jose A. Casas Nitrate removal in saline water by photo-reduction using natural FeTiO3 as catalyst Chemical Engineering Journal Advances Nitrate Photo-reduction Brackish groundwater Ilmenite Water conditioning |
| title | Nitrate removal in saline water by photo-reduction using natural FeTiO3 as catalyst |
| title_full | Nitrate removal in saline water by photo-reduction using natural FeTiO3 as catalyst |
| title_fullStr | Nitrate removal in saline water by photo-reduction using natural FeTiO3 as catalyst |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nitrate removal in saline water by photo-reduction using natural FeTiO3 as catalyst |
| title_short | Nitrate removal in saline water by photo-reduction using natural FeTiO3 as catalyst |
| title_sort | nitrate removal in saline water by photo reduction using natural fetio3 as catalyst |
| topic | Nitrate Photo-reduction Brackish groundwater Ilmenite Water conditioning |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666821122001478 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jeffersonesilveira nitrateremovalinsalinewaterbyphotoreductionusingnaturalfetio3ascatalyst AT alicialgarciacosta nitrateremovalinsalinewaterbyphotoreductionusingnaturalfetio3ascatalyst AT jaimecarbajo nitrateremovalinsalinewaterbyphotoreductionusingnaturalfetio3ascatalyst AT alysonrribeiro nitrateremovalinsalinewaterbyphotoreductionusingnaturalfetio3ascatalyst AT gemapliego nitrateremovalinsalinewaterbyphotoreductionusingnaturalfetio3ascatalyst AT wendelspaz nitrateremovalinsalinewaterbyphotoreductionusingnaturalfetio3ascatalyst AT juanazazo nitrateremovalinsalinewaterbyphotoreductionusingnaturalfetio3ascatalyst AT joseacasas nitrateremovalinsalinewaterbyphotoreductionusingnaturalfetio3ascatalyst |