Measurement of the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient and Temperature of Vehicle-Integrated Photovoltaic Modules
To improve the thermal design of vehicle-integrated photovoltaic (VIPV) modules, this study clarifies the characteristics of the convective heat transfer coefficient <i>h</i> between the vehicle roof surface and the surrounding air with respect to vehicle speed. Experiments on two types...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/13/4818 |
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| author | Yoshitaka Hayakawa Daisuke Sato Noboru Yamada |
| author_facet | Yoshitaka Hayakawa Daisuke Sato Noboru Yamada |
| author_sort | Yoshitaka Hayakawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To improve the thermal design of vehicle-integrated photovoltaic (VIPV) modules, this study clarifies the characteristics of the convective heat transfer coefficient <i>h</i> between the vehicle roof surface and the surrounding air with respect to vehicle speed. Experiments on two types of vehicles with different body shapes indicate that <i>h</i> is strongly affected by vehicle speed, and it is also affected by body shape depending on the position on the roof. Empirical equations for approximating <i>h</i> as a function of vehicle speed and position on the vehicle roof are derived from the experimental datasets, and the differences between the equations derived herein and traditional equations that have been used for the heat transfer analysis of conventional stationary photovoltaic (PV) modules are clarified. Furthermore, the temperature change characteristics of the VIPV module were measured experimentally, confirming that <i>h</i> is the dominant factor causing the high temperature change rate of the VIPV module under driving conditions. In sunny summer conditions, the measured temperature change rate reaches up to 16.5 °C/min, which is approximately 10 times greater than that in the standard temperature cycle test for conventional stationary PV modules. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:55:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-69b046390d804d5982dbb550c5700fe8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:55:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-69b046390d804d5982dbb550c5700fe82023-11-23T19:57:49ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-06-011513481810.3390/en15134818Measurement of the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient and Temperature of Vehicle-Integrated Photovoltaic ModulesYoshitaka Hayakawa0Daisuke Sato1Noboru Yamada2Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka 940-2133, Niigata, JapanDepartment of System Safety Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka 940-2133, Niigata, JapanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka 940-2133, Niigata, JapanTo improve the thermal design of vehicle-integrated photovoltaic (VIPV) modules, this study clarifies the characteristics of the convective heat transfer coefficient <i>h</i> between the vehicle roof surface and the surrounding air with respect to vehicle speed. Experiments on two types of vehicles with different body shapes indicate that <i>h</i> is strongly affected by vehicle speed, and it is also affected by body shape depending on the position on the roof. Empirical equations for approximating <i>h</i> as a function of vehicle speed and position on the vehicle roof are derived from the experimental datasets, and the differences between the equations derived herein and traditional equations that have been used for the heat transfer analysis of conventional stationary photovoltaic (PV) modules are clarified. Furthermore, the temperature change characteristics of the VIPV module were measured experimentally, confirming that <i>h</i> is the dominant factor causing the high temperature change rate of the VIPV module under driving conditions. In sunny summer conditions, the measured temperature change rate reaches up to 16.5 °C/min, which is approximately 10 times greater than that in the standard temperature cycle test for conventional stationary PV modules. https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/13/4818convective heat transfer coefficientvehicle-integrated photovoltaicstemperature change rate |
| spellingShingle | Yoshitaka Hayakawa Daisuke Sato Noboru Yamada Measurement of the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient and Temperature of Vehicle-Integrated Photovoltaic Modules Energies convective heat transfer coefficient vehicle-integrated photovoltaics temperature change rate |
| title | Measurement of the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient and Temperature of Vehicle-Integrated Photovoltaic Modules |
| title_full | Measurement of the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient and Temperature of Vehicle-Integrated Photovoltaic Modules |
| title_fullStr | Measurement of the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient and Temperature of Vehicle-Integrated Photovoltaic Modules |
| title_full_unstemmed | Measurement of the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient and Temperature of Vehicle-Integrated Photovoltaic Modules |
| title_short | Measurement of the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient and Temperature of Vehicle-Integrated Photovoltaic Modules |
| title_sort | measurement of the convective heat transfer coefficient and temperature of vehicle integrated photovoltaic modules |
| topic | convective heat transfer coefficient vehicle-integrated photovoltaics temperature change rate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/13/4818 |
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