| Summary: | It is of great importance to have sensitive and accurate detection of <i>cis</i>-diol-containing biologically related substances because of their important functions in the research fields of metabolomics, glycomics, and proteomics. Boronic acids can specifically and reversibly interact with 1,2- or 1,3-diols to form five or six cyclic esters. Based on this unique property, boronic acid-based materials have been used as synthetic receptors for the specific recognition and detection of <i>cis</i>-diol-containing species. This review critically summarizes the recent advances with boronic acid-based materials as recognition elements and signal labels for the detection of <i>cis</i>-diol-containing biological species, including ribonucleic acids, glycans, glycoproteins, bacteria, exosomes, and tumor cells. We also address the challenges and future perspectives for developing versatile boronic acid-based materials with various promising applications.
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