Protein Profiling of <i>Psittacanthus calyculatus</i> during Mesquite Infection
<i>Psittacanthus calyculatus</i> is a hemiparasite mistletoe that represents an ecological problem due to the impacts caused to various tree species of ecological and commercial interest. Although the life cycle for the <i>Psittacanthus</i> genus is well established in the li...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/3/464 |
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| author | Montserrat Aguilar-Venegas Elizabeth Quintana-Rodríguez Víctor Aguilar-Hernández Claudia Marina López-García Efraín Conejo-Dávila Ligia Brito-Argáez Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas Julio Vega-Arreguín Domancar Orona-Tamayo |
| author_facet | Montserrat Aguilar-Venegas Elizabeth Quintana-Rodríguez Víctor Aguilar-Hernández Claudia Marina López-García Efraín Conejo-Dávila Ligia Brito-Argáez Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas Julio Vega-Arreguín Domancar Orona-Tamayo |
| author_sort | Montserrat Aguilar-Venegas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Psittacanthus calyculatus</i> is a hemiparasite mistletoe that represents an ecological problem due to the impacts caused to various tree species of ecological and commercial interest. Although the life cycle for the <i>Psittacanthus</i> genus is well established in the literature, the development stages and molecular mechanism implicated in <i>P. calyculatus</i> host infection are poorly understood. In this study, we used a manageable infestation of <i>P. laevigata</i> with <i>P. calyculatus</i> to clearly trace the infection, which allowed us to describe five phenological infective stages of mistletoe on host tree branches: mature seed (T1), holdfast formation (T2), haustorium activation (T3), haustorium penetration (T4), and haustorium connection (T5) with the host tree. Proteomic analyses revealed proteins with a different accumulation and cellular processes in infective stages. Activities of the cell wall-degrading enzymes cellulase and β-1,4-glucosidase were primarily active in haustorium development (T3), while xylanase, endo-glucanase, and peptidase were highly active in the haustorium penetration (T4) and xylem connection (T5). Patterns of auxins and cytokinin showed spatial concentrations in infective stages and moreover were involved in haustorium development. These results are the first evidence of proteins, cell wall-degrading enzymes, and phytohormones that are involved in early infection for the <i>Psittacanthus</i> genus, and thus represent a general infection mechanism for other mistletoe species. These results could help to understand the molecular dialogue in the establishment of <i>P. calyculatus</i> parasitism. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:30:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-69d42702f1d14d04a447d7dc5d09f106 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:30:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-69d42702f1d14d04a447d7dc5d09f1062023-11-16T17:42:45ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-01-0112346410.3390/plants12030464Protein Profiling of <i>Psittacanthus calyculatus</i> during Mesquite InfectionMontserrat Aguilar-Venegas0Elizabeth Quintana-Rodríguez1Víctor Aguilar-Hernández2Claudia Marina López-García3Efraín Conejo-Dávila4Ligia Brito-Argáez5Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas6Julio Vega-Arreguín7Domancar Orona-Tamayo8Ciencias Agrogenómicas, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad León, UNAM, León CP 37684, Guanajuato, MexicoMedio Ambiente y Biotecnología, CIATEC, A.C., León CP 37545, Guanajuato, MexicoUnidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, CICY, A.C., Mérida CP 97205, Yucatán, MexicoMedio Ambiente y Biotecnología, CIATEC, A.C., León CP 37545, Guanajuato, MexicoUnidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Silao de la Victoria CP 36275, Guanajuato, MexicoUnidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, CICY, A.C., Mérida CP 97205, Yucatán, MexicoUnidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, CICY, A.C., Mérida CP 97205, Yucatán, MexicoCiencias Agrogenómicas, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad León, UNAM, León CP 37684, Guanajuato, MexicoMedio Ambiente y Biotecnología, CIATEC, A.C., León CP 37545, Guanajuato, Mexico<i>Psittacanthus calyculatus</i> is a hemiparasite mistletoe that represents an ecological problem due to the impacts caused to various tree species of ecological and commercial interest. Although the life cycle for the <i>Psittacanthus</i> genus is well established in the literature, the development stages and molecular mechanism implicated in <i>P. calyculatus</i> host infection are poorly understood. In this study, we used a manageable infestation of <i>P. laevigata</i> with <i>P. calyculatus</i> to clearly trace the infection, which allowed us to describe five phenological infective stages of mistletoe on host tree branches: mature seed (T1), holdfast formation (T2), haustorium activation (T3), haustorium penetration (T4), and haustorium connection (T5) with the host tree. Proteomic analyses revealed proteins with a different accumulation and cellular processes in infective stages. Activities of the cell wall-degrading enzymes cellulase and β-1,4-glucosidase were primarily active in haustorium development (T3), while xylanase, endo-glucanase, and peptidase were highly active in the haustorium penetration (T4) and xylem connection (T5). Patterns of auxins and cytokinin showed spatial concentrations in infective stages and moreover were involved in haustorium development. These results are the first evidence of proteins, cell wall-degrading enzymes, and phytohormones that are involved in early infection for the <i>Psittacanthus</i> genus, and thus represent a general infection mechanism for other mistletoe species. These results could help to understand the molecular dialogue in the establishment of <i>P. calyculatus</i> parasitism.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/3/464<i>Prosopis laevigata</i>infective stagesgerminationseedling establishmenthaustorium development |
| spellingShingle | Montserrat Aguilar-Venegas Elizabeth Quintana-Rodríguez Víctor Aguilar-Hernández Claudia Marina López-García Efraín Conejo-Dávila Ligia Brito-Argáez Víctor M. Loyola-Vargas Julio Vega-Arreguín Domancar Orona-Tamayo Protein Profiling of <i>Psittacanthus calyculatus</i> during Mesquite Infection Plants <i>Prosopis laevigata</i> infective stages germination seedling establishment haustorium development |
| title | Protein Profiling of <i>Psittacanthus calyculatus</i> during Mesquite Infection |
| title_full | Protein Profiling of <i>Psittacanthus calyculatus</i> during Mesquite Infection |
| title_fullStr | Protein Profiling of <i>Psittacanthus calyculatus</i> during Mesquite Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protein Profiling of <i>Psittacanthus calyculatus</i> during Mesquite Infection |
| title_short | Protein Profiling of <i>Psittacanthus calyculatus</i> during Mesquite Infection |
| title_sort | protein profiling of i psittacanthus calyculatus i during mesquite infection |
| topic | <i>Prosopis laevigata</i> infective stages germination seedling establishment haustorium development |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/3/464 |
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