The Incorporation of Marine Coral Microparticles into Collagen-Based Scaffolds Promotes Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via Calcium Ion Signalling
Composite biomaterial scaffolds consisting of natural polymers and bioceramics may offer an alternative to autologous grafts for applications such as bone repair. Herein, we sought to investigate the possibility of incorporating marine coral microparticles into a collagen-based scaffold, a process w...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/18/2/74 |
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| author | Eamon J. Sheehy Mark Lemoine Declan Clarke Arlyng Gonzalez Vazquez Fergal J. O’Brien |
| author_facet | Eamon J. Sheehy Mark Lemoine Declan Clarke Arlyng Gonzalez Vazquez Fergal J. O’Brien |
| author_sort | Eamon J. Sheehy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Composite biomaterial scaffolds consisting of natural polymers and bioceramics may offer an alternative to autologous grafts for applications such as bone repair. Herein, we sought to investigate the possibility of incorporating marine coral microparticles into a collagen-based scaffold, a process which we hypothesised would enhance the mechanical properties of the scaffold as well its capacity to promote osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stromal cells. Cryomilling and sieving were utilised to achieve coral microparticles of mean diameters 14 µm and 64 µm which were separately incorporated into collagen-based slurries and freeze-dried to form porous scaffolds. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy determined the coral microparticles to be comprised of calcium carbonate whereas collagen/coral composite scaffolds were shown to have a crystalline calcium ethanoate structure. Crosslinked collagen/coral scaffolds demonstrated enhanced compressive properties when compared to collagen only scaffolds and also promoted more robust osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells, as indicated by increased expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 at the gene level, and enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium accumulation at the protein level. Only subtle differences were observed when comparing the effect of coral microparticles of different sizes, with improved osteogenesis occurring as a result of calcium ion signalling delivered from collagen/coral composite scaffolds. These scaffolds, fabricated from entirely natural sources, therefore show promise as novel biomaterials for tissue engineering applications such as bone regeneration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:30:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-69eac4ab02e94a809f864d45b7096919 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:30:02Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-69eac4ab02e94a809f864d45b70969192022-12-22T02:54:18ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972020-01-011827410.3390/md18020074md18020074The Incorporation of Marine Coral Microparticles into Collagen-Based Scaffolds Promotes Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via Calcium Ion SignallingEamon J. Sheehy0Mark Lemoine1Declan Clarke2Arlyng Gonzalez Vazquez3Fergal J. O’Brien4Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, IrelandTissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, IrelandZoan Biomed Ltd., An Luslann, Kylebroughlan, Moycullen, H91 TXV5 Co Galway, IrelandTissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, IrelandTissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, IrelandComposite biomaterial scaffolds consisting of natural polymers and bioceramics may offer an alternative to autologous grafts for applications such as bone repair. Herein, we sought to investigate the possibility of incorporating marine coral microparticles into a collagen-based scaffold, a process which we hypothesised would enhance the mechanical properties of the scaffold as well its capacity to promote osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stromal cells. Cryomilling and sieving were utilised to achieve coral microparticles of mean diameters 14 µm and 64 µm which were separately incorporated into collagen-based slurries and freeze-dried to form porous scaffolds. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy determined the coral microparticles to be comprised of calcium carbonate whereas collagen/coral composite scaffolds were shown to have a crystalline calcium ethanoate structure. Crosslinked collagen/coral scaffolds demonstrated enhanced compressive properties when compared to collagen only scaffolds and also promoted more robust osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells, as indicated by increased expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 at the gene level, and enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium accumulation at the protein level. Only subtle differences were observed when comparing the effect of coral microparticles of different sizes, with improved osteogenesis occurring as a result of calcium ion signalling delivered from collagen/coral composite scaffolds. These scaffolds, fabricated from entirely natural sources, therefore show promise as novel biomaterials for tissue engineering applications such as bone regeneration.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/18/2/74bonetissue engineeringmechanical propertiescalciumbone morphogenetic proteinalkaline phosphatasecalcium sensing receptor |
| spellingShingle | Eamon J. Sheehy Mark Lemoine Declan Clarke Arlyng Gonzalez Vazquez Fergal J. O’Brien The Incorporation of Marine Coral Microparticles into Collagen-Based Scaffolds Promotes Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via Calcium Ion Signalling Marine Drugs bone tissue engineering mechanical properties calcium bone morphogenetic protein alkaline phosphatase calcium sensing receptor |
| title | The Incorporation of Marine Coral Microparticles into Collagen-Based Scaffolds Promotes Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via Calcium Ion Signalling |
| title_full | The Incorporation of Marine Coral Microparticles into Collagen-Based Scaffolds Promotes Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via Calcium Ion Signalling |
| title_fullStr | The Incorporation of Marine Coral Microparticles into Collagen-Based Scaffolds Promotes Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via Calcium Ion Signalling |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Incorporation of Marine Coral Microparticles into Collagen-Based Scaffolds Promotes Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via Calcium Ion Signalling |
| title_short | The Incorporation of Marine Coral Microparticles into Collagen-Based Scaffolds Promotes Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via Calcium Ion Signalling |
| title_sort | incorporation of marine coral microparticles into collagen based scaffolds promotes osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stromal cells via calcium ion signalling |
| topic | bone tissue engineering mechanical properties calcium bone morphogenetic protein alkaline phosphatase calcium sensing receptor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/18/2/74 |
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