Sub-Diffraction Photon Trapping: The Possible Optical Energy Eigenstates within a Tiny Circular Aperture with a Finite Depth
One of the challenging riddles that is set by light is: do photons have wavefunctions like other elementary particles do? Wave–particle duality has been a prevailing fact since the beginning of quantum theory thought; in electromagnetism, light is already a kind of undulation, so what about the wave...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | Electronics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/23/4832 |
| _version_ | 1797400255482822656 |
|---|---|
| author | Ozan Turhan Gündüz Erich Leitgeb Cumali Sabah |
| author_facet | Ozan Turhan Gündüz Erich Leitgeb Cumali Sabah |
| author_sort | Ozan Turhan Gündüz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | One of the challenging riddles that is set by light is: do photons have wavefunctions like other elementary particles do? Wave–particle duality has been a prevailing fact since the beginning of quantum theory thought; in electromagnetism, light is already a kind of undulation, so what about the waves of probability then? Well, Quantum Field Theory (QFT) has a rigorous explanation and supports the idea when they are considered as fields of particles via second quantization; they do have wavefunctions of probability, and it does not have anything to do with the regular oscillations. They can be related to the energy and momentum signatures of harmonic oscillations, resembling an imitation of the behavior of a classical harmonic oscillator, which then has a wavefunction to solve the corresponding time-independent Schrödinger equation. For the last half century, electrical engineering has owned the best out of these implications of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) and QFT by engineering better semiconductor techniques with finely miniaturized transistors and composite devices for digital electronics and optoelectronics fields. More importantly, these engineering applications have also greatly evolved into combined fields like quantum computing that have introduced a completely new and extraordinary world to electronics applications. The study takes advantage of the power of QFT to mathematically reveal the bosonic modes (Laguerre–Gaussian) that appear in a sub-diffraction cylindrical aperture. In this way, this may lead to the construction of the techniques and characteristics of room-temperature photonic quantum gates which can isolate photon modes under a diffraction limit. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:52:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-69f4c455549540e48cbb4c6849f9d172 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:52:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-69f4c455549540e48cbb4c6849f9d1722023-12-08T15:14:10ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922023-11-011223483210.3390/electronics12234832Sub-Diffraction Photon Trapping: The Possible Optical Energy Eigenstates within a Tiny Circular Aperture with a Finite DepthOzan Turhan Gündüz0Erich Leitgeb1Cumali Sabah2Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University—Northern Cyprus Campus (METU-NCC), Kalkanli, Guzelyurt 99738, TRNC/Mersin 10, TurkeyInstitute of Microwave and Photonic Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 12/I, 8010 Graz, AustriaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University—Northern Cyprus Campus (METU-NCC), Kalkanli, Guzelyurt 99738, TRNC/Mersin 10, TurkeyOne of the challenging riddles that is set by light is: do photons have wavefunctions like other elementary particles do? Wave–particle duality has been a prevailing fact since the beginning of quantum theory thought; in electromagnetism, light is already a kind of undulation, so what about the waves of probability then? Well, Quantum Field Theory (QFT) has a rigorous explanation and supports the idea when they are considered as fields of particles via second quantization; they do have wavefunctions of probability, and it does not have anything to do with the regular oscillations. They can be related to the energy and momentum signatures of harmonic oscillations, resembling an imitation of the behavior of a classical harmonic oscillator, which then has a wavefunction to solve the corresponding time-independent Schrödinger equation. For the last half century, electrical engineering has owned the best out of these implications of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) and QFT by engineering better semiconductor techniques with finely miniaturized transistors and composite devices for digital electronics and optoelectronics fields. More importantly, these engineering applications have also greatly evolved into combined fields like quantum computing that have introduced a completely new and extraordinary world to electronics applications. The study takes advantage of the power of QFT to mathematically reveal the bosonic modes (Laguerre–Gaussian) that appear in a sub-diffraction cylindrical aperture. In this way, this may lead to the construction of the techniques and characteristics of room-temperature photonic quantum gates which can isolate photon modes under a diffraction limit.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/23/4832quantum field theoryphoton trappingcanonical quantizationquantum computingquantum electronics applicationsphoton trapping |
| spellingShingle | Ozan Turhan Gündüz Erich Leitgeb Cumali Sabah Sub-Diffraction Photon Trapping: The Possible Optical Energy Eigenstates within a Tiny Circular Aperture with a Finite Depth Electronics quantum field theory photon trapping canonical quantization quantum computing quantum electronics applications photon trapping |
| title | Sub-Diffraction Photon Trapping: The Possible Optical Energy Eigenstates within a Tiny Circular Aperture with a Finite Depth |
| title_full | Sub-Diffraction Photon Trapping: The Possible Optical Energy Eigenstates within a Tiny Circular Aperture with a Finite Depth |
| title_fullStr | Sub-Diffraction Photon Trapping: The Possible Optical Energy Eigenstates within a Tiny Circular Aperture with a Finite Depth |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sub-Diffraction Photon Trapping: The Possible Optical Energy Eigenstates within a Tiny Circular Aperture with a Finite Depth |
| title_short | Sub-Diffraction Photon Trapping: The Possible Optical Energy Eigenstates within a Tiny Circular Aperture with a Finite Depth |
| title_sort | sub diffraction photon trapping the possible optical energy eigenstates within a tiny circular aperture with a finite depth |
| topic | quantum field theory photon trapping canonical quantization quantum computing quantum electronics applications photon trapping |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/23/4832 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ozanturhangunduz subdiffractionphotontrappingthepossibleopticalenergyeigenstateswithinatinycircularaperturewithafinitedepth AT erichleitgeb subdiffractionphotontrappingthepossibleopticalenergyeigenstateswithinatinycircularaperturewithafinitedepth AT cumalisabah subdiffractionphotontrappingthepossibleopticalenergyeigenstateswithinatinycircularaperturewithafinitedepth |