Synthetic Polyisoprene Rubber as a Mimic of Natural Rubber: Recent Advances on Synthesis, Nanocomposites, and Applications
Up to now, rubber materials have been used in a wide range of applications, from automotive parts to special-design engineering pieces, as well as in the pharmaceutical, food, electronics, and military industries, among others. Since the discovery of the vulcanization of natural rubber (NR) in 1838,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/20/4074 |
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| author | Jorge A. Cruz-Morales Carina Gutiérrez-Flores Daniel Zárate-Saldaña Manuel Burelo Héctor García-Ortega Selena Gutiérrez |
| author_facet | Jorge A. Cruz-Morales Carina Gutiérrez-Flores Daniel Zárate-Saldaña Manuel Burelo Héctor García-Ortega Selena Gutiérrez |
| author_sort | Jorge A. Cruz-Morales |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Up to now, rubber materials have been used in a wide range of applications, from automotive parts to special-design engineering pieces, as well as in the pharmaceutical, food, electronics, and military industries, among others. Since the discovery of the vulcanization of natural rubber (NR) in 1838, the continuous demand for this material has intensified the quest for a synthetic substitute with similar properties. In this regard, synthetic polyisoprene rubber (IR) emerged as an attractive alternative. However, despite the efforts made, some properties of natural rubber have been difficult to match (i.e., superior mechanical properties) due not only to its high content of <i>cis</i>-1,4-polyisoprene but also because its structure is considered a naturally occurring nanocomposite. In this sense, cutting-edge research has proposed the synthesis of nanocomposites with synthetic rubber, obtaining the same properties as natural rubber. This review focuses on the synthesis, structure, and properties of natural and synthetic rubber, with a special interest in the synthesis of IR nanocomposites, giving the reader a comprehensive reference on how to achieve a mimic of NR. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:56:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-69f64414473d434bbf23d4a6b0224893 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:56:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-69f64414473d434bbf23d4a6b02248932023-11-19T17:50:46ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-10-011520407410.3390/polym15204074Synthetic Polyisoprene Rubber as a Mimic of Natural Rubber: Recent Advances on Synthesis, Nanocomposites, and ApplicationsJorge A. Cruz-Morales0Carina Gutiérrez-Flores1Daniel Zárate-Saldaña2Manuel Burelo3Héctor García-Ortega4Selena Gutiérrez5Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-360, Cuidad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, MexicoInvestigadora por México, CONAHCYT, Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica (LANASE) y Escuela de Desarrollo Sustentable de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero (UAGro), Carretera Acapulco-Zihuatanejo Km 106 +900. Col. Las Tunas, Tecpan de Galeana 40900, Guerrero, MexicoDepartamento de Química, Instituto de Educación Media Superior de la Ciudad de México, Plantel Melchor Ocampo, Calle Rosario S/N Col. Santa Catarina, Azcapotzalco, Cuidad de México 02250, MexicoInstitute of Advance Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, MexicoDepartamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, MexicoFacultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-360, Cuidad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, MexicoUp to now, rubber materials have been used in a wide range of applications, from automotive parts to special-design engineering pieces, as well as in the pharmaceutical, food, electronics, and military industries, among others. Since the discovery of the vulcanization of natural rubber (NR) in 1838, the continuous demand for this material has intensified the quest for a synthetic substitute with similar properties. In this regard, synthetic polyisoprene rubber (IR) emerged as an attractive alternative. However, despite the efforts made, some properties of natural rubber have been difficult to match (i.e., superior mechanical properties) due not only to its high content of <i>cis</i>-1,4-polyisoprene but also because its structure is considered a naturally occurring nanocomposite. In this sense, cutting-edge research has proposed the synthesis of nanocomposites with synthetic rubber, obtaining the same properties as natural rubber. This review focuses on the synthesis, structure, and properties of natural and synthetic rubber, with a special interest in the synthesis of IR nanocomposites, giving the reader a comprehensive reference on how to achieve a mimic of NR.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/20/4074natural rubbersynthetic polyisoprene rubbernanocompositesmimic of natural rubber |
| spellingShingle | Jorge A. Cruz-Morales Carina Gutiérrez-Flores Daniel Zárate-Saldaña Manuel Burelo Héctor García-Ortega Selena Gutiérrez Synthetic Polyisoprene Rubber as a Mimic of Natural Rubber: Recent Advances on Synthesis, Nanocomposites, and Applications Polymers natural rubber synthetic polyisoprene rubber nanocomposites mimic of natural rubber |
| title | Synthetic Polyisoprene Rubber as a Mimic of Natural Rubber: Recent Advances on Synthesis, Nanocomposites, and Applications |
| title_full | Synthetic Polyisoprene Rubber as a Mimic of Natural Rubber: Recent Advances on Synthesis, Nanocomposites, and Applications |
| title_fullStr | Synthetic Polyisoprene Rubber as a Mimic of Natural Rubber: Recent Advances on Synthesis, Nanocomposites, and Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthetic Polyisoprene Rubber as a Mimic of Natural Rubber: Recent Advances on Synthesis, Nanocomposites, and Applications |
| title_short | Synthetic Polyisoprene Rubber as a Mimic of Natural Rubber: Recent Advances on Synthesis, Nanocomposites, and Applications |
| title_sort | synthetic polyisoprene rubber as a mimic of natural rubber recent advances on synthesis nanocomposites and applications |
| topic | natural rubber synthetic polyisoprene rubber nanocomposites mimic of natural rubber |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/20/4074 |
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