Evolutionary history of an Irano-Turanian cushion-forming legume (Onobrychis cornuta)
Abstract The Irano-Turanian region is one of the largest floristic regions in the world and harbors a high percentage of endemics, including cushion-like and dwarf-shrubby taxa. Onobrychis cornuta is an important cushion-forming element of the subalpine/alpine flora of the Irano-Turanian floristic r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-024-04895-y |
| _version_ | 1797247404456542208 |
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| author | Zahra Tayebi Mahtab Moghaddam Mohammad Mahmoodi Shahrokh Kazempour-Osaloo |
| author_facet | Zahra Tayebi Mahtab Moghaddam Mohammad Mahmoodi Shahrokh Kazempour-Osaloo |
| author_sort | Zahra Tayebi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The Irano-Turanian region is one of the largest floristic regions in the world and harbors a high percentage of endemics, including cushion-like and dwarf-shrubby taxa. Onobrychis cornuta is an important cushion-forming element of the subalpine/alpine flora of the Irano-Turanian floristic region. To specify the genetic diversity among the populations of this species (including individuals of O. elymaitica), we employed nrDNA ITS and two noncoding regions of plastid DNA (rpl32-trnL(UAG) and trnT(UGU)-trnL(UAA)). The most striking feature of O. cornuta assemblages was the unexpectedly high nucleotide diversity in both the nDNA and cpDNA dataset. In the analyses of nuclear and plastid regions, 25 ribotypes and 42 haplotypes were found among 77 and 59 accessions, respectively, from Iran, Turkey, and Afghanistan. Network analysis of the datasets demonstrated geographic differentiation within the species. Phylogenetic analyses of all dataset retrieved O. cornuta as a non-monophyletic species due to the inclusion of O. elymaitica, comprising four distinct lineages. In addition, our analyses showed cytonuclear discordance between both nuclear and plastid topologies regarding the position of some O. cornuta individuals. The underlying causes of this inconsistency remain unclear. However, we speculate that chloroplast capture, incomplete lineage sorting, and introgression were the main reasons for this event. Furthermore, molecular dating analysis indicated that O. cornuta originated in the early Pliocene (around 4.8 Mya) and started to diversify throughout the Pliocene and in particular the Pleistocene. Moreover, O. elymaitica was reduced to a subspecific rank within the species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:58:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6a07c042693645d0ba18e6d6faec68b3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:58:09Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6a07c042693645d0ba18e6d6faec68b32024-03-24T12:14:56ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292024-03-0124111310.1186/s12870-024-04895-yEvolutionary history of an Irano-Turanian cushion-forming legume (Onobrychis cornuta)Zahra Tayebi0Mahtab Moghaddam1Mohammad Mahmoodi2Shahrokh Kazempour-Osaloo3Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares UniversityDepartment of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares UniversityBotany Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares UniversityAbstract The Irano-Turanian region is one of the largest floristic regions in the world and harbors a high percentage of endemics, including cushion-like and dwarf-shrubby taxa. Onobrychis cornuta is an important cushion-forming element of the subalpine/alpine flora of the Irano-Turanian floristic region. To specify the genetic diversity among the populations of this species (including individuals of O. elymaitica), we employed nrDNA ITS and two noncoding regions of plastid DNA (rpl32-trnL(UAG) and trnT(UGU)-trnL(UAA)). The most striking feature of O. cornuta assemblages was the unexpectedly high nucleotide diversity in both the nDNA and cpDNA dataset. In the analyses of nuclear and plastid regions, 25 ribotypes and 42 haplotypes were found among 77 and 59 accessions, respectively, from Iran, Turkey, and Afghanistan. Network analysis of the datasets demonstrated geographic differentiation within the species. Phylogenetic analyses of all dataset retrieved O. cornuta as a non-monophyletic species due to the inclusion of O. elymaitica, comprising four distinct lineages. In addition, our analyses showed cytonuclear discordance between both nuclear and plastid topologies regarding the position of some O. cornuta individuals. The underlying causes of this inconsistency remain unclear. However, we speculate that chloroplast capture, incomplete lineage sorting, and introgression were the main reasons for this event. Furthermore, molecular dating analysis indicated that O. cornuta originated in the early Pliocene (around 4.8 Mya) and started to diversify throughout the Pliocene and in particular the Pleistocene. Moreover, O. elymaitica was reduced to a subspecific rank within the species.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-024-04895-yOnobrychis cornutaO. ElymaiticaHaplotype diversityIrano-TuranianLegume |
| spellingShingle | Zahra Tayebi Mahtab Moghaddam Mohammad Mahmoodi Shahrokh Kazempour-Osaloo Evolutionary history of an Irano-Turanian cushion-forming legume (Onobrychis cornuta) BMC Plant Biology Onobrychis cornuta O. Elymaitica Haplotype diversity Irano-Turanian Legume |
| title | Evolutionary history of an Irano-Turanian cushion-forming legume (Onobrychis cornuta) |
| title_full | Evolutionary history of an Irano-Turanian cushion-forming legume (Onobrychis cornuta) |
| title_fullStr | Evolutionary history of an Irano-Turanian cushion-forming legume (Onobrychis cornuta) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolutionary history of an Irano-Turanian cushion-forming legume (Onobrychis cornuta) |
| title_short | Evolutionary history of an Irano-Turanian cushion-forming legume (Onobrychis cornuta) |
| title_sort | evolutionary history of an irano turanian cushion forming legume onobrychis cornuta |
| topic | Onobrychis cornuta O. Elymaitica Haplotype diversity Irano-Turanian Legume |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-024-04895-y |
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