English Validation of the Parental Socialization Scale—ESPA29
Parenting styles have traditionally been studied following the classical two-dimensional orthogonal model of parental socialization. The Parental Socialization Scale ESPA29 is used to measure the four styles of parental socialization through the acceptance/involvement and strictness/imposition dimen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00865/full |
| _version_ | 1818237689596477440 |
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| author | Isabel Martínez Edie Cruise Óscar F. García Sergio Murgui |
| author_facet | Isabel Martínez Edie Cruise Óscar F. García Sergio Murgui |
| author_sort | Isabel Martínez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Parenting styles have traditionally been studied following the classical two-dimensional orthogonal model of parental socialization. The Parental Socialization Scale ESPA29 is used to measure the four styles of parental socialization through the acceptance/involvement and strictness/imposition dimensions. The ESPA29 scale is a developmentally appropriate measure of parenting styles, which has been validated in several languages including Spanish, Italian, and Brazilian Portuguese. In this study, the English translation of the ESPA29 was evaluated. The objective of the work is to test the ESPA29’s structure of parenting practices with a United States sample measuring parenting practices using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The scores of fathers’ and mothers’ behavioral practices toward their children were obtained for a sample of 911 United States adolescents between 14 and 18 years of age. First, the total sample was split and a principal components analysis with varimax rotation was carried out with one of the two halves. EFA showed a two-factor structure fully congruent with the theoretical model for mothers’ and fathers’ scores. Next, a CFA was calculated on the second half by using the factor structure obtained in the previous EFA. The CFA replicated the two-factor structure with appropriate fit index. The seven parenting practices that were measured loaded appropriately on the acceptance/involvement and strictness/imposition dimensions. Then, the multigroup analysis between girls and boys showed equal loading in the factors and equal covariation between the acceptance/involvement and the strictness/imposition dimensions. Additionally, the two dimensions of the ESPA29 scale were related to self-esteem in order to obtain an external validity index. The findings confirm the invariant structure of the ESPA29 was in the United States and their equivalence in both fathers’ and mothers’ scores. These findings validate the instrument and confirm its applicability in cross-cultural research on parenting practices and child adjustment. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6a0a9b5098a1483aa6e05dcfdf3d75b0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T12:29:45Z |
| publishDate | 2017-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6a0a9b5098a1483aa6e05dcfdf3d75b02022-12-22T00:24:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782017-05-01810.3389/fpsyg.2017.00865255769English Validation of the Parental Socialization Scale—ESPA29Isabel Martínez0Edie Cruise1Óscar F. García2Sergio Murgui3Psychology Department, University of Castilla-La ManchaCuenca, SpainPsychology Department, University of Castilla-La ManchaCuenca, SpainDepartment of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of ValenciaValencia, SpainSocial Psychology Department, University of ValenciaValencia, SpainParenting styles have traditionally been studied following the classical two-dimensional orthogonal model of parental socialization. The Parental Socialization Scale ESPA29 is used to measure the four styles of parental socialization through the acceptance/involvement and strictness/imposition dimensions. The ESPA29 scale is a developmentally appropriate measure of parenting styles, which has been validated in several languages including Spanish, Italian, and Brazilian Portuguese. In this study, the English translation of the ESPA29 was evaluated. The objective of the work is to test the ESPA29’s structure of parenting practices with a United States sample measuring parenting practices using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The scores of fathers’ and mothers’ behavioral practices toward their children were obtained for a sample of 911 United States adolescents between 14 and 18 years of age. First, the total sample was split and a principal components analysis with varimax rotation was carried out with one of the two halves. EFA showed a two-factor structure fully congruent with the theoretical model for mothers’ and fathers’ scores. Next, a CFA was calculated on the second half by using the factor structure obtained in the previous EFA. The CFA replicated the two-factor structure with appropriate fit index. The seven parenting practices that were measured loaded appropriately on the acceptance/involvement and strictness/imposition dimensions. Then, the multigroup analysis between girls and boys showed equal loading in the factors and equal covariation between the acceptance/involvement and the strictness/imposition dimensions. Additionally, the two dimensions of the ESPA29 scale were related to self-esteem in order to obtain an external validity index. The findings confirm the invariant structure of the ESPA29 was in the United States and their equivalence in both fathers’ and mothers’ scores. These findings validate the instrument and confirm its applicability in cross-cultural research on parenting practices and child adjustment.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00865/fullparenting practicessocializationParental Socialization ScaleESPA29validation |
| spellingShingle | Isabel Martínez Edie Cruise Óscar F. García Sergio Murgui English Validation of the Parental Socialization Scale—ESPA29 Frontiers in Psychology parenting practices socialization Parental Socialization Scale ESPA29 validation |
| title | English Validation of the Parental Socialization Scale—ESPA29 |
| title_full | English Validation of the Parental Socialization Scale—ESPA29 |
| title_fullStr | English Validation of the Parental Socialization Scale—ESPA29 |
| title_full_unstemmed | English Validation of the Parental Socialization Scale—ESPA29 |
| title_short | English Validation of the Parental Socialization Scale—ESPA29 |
| title_sort | english validation of the parental socialization scale espa29 |
| topic | parenting practices socialization Parental Socialization Scale ESPA29 validation |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00865/full |
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