Satellite, UAV, and Geophysical Data to Identify Surface and Subsurface Hydrodynamics of Geographically Isolated Wetlands: Understanding an Undervalued Ecosystem at the Atlantic Forest-Cerrado Interface of Brazil
In two small and isolated wetlands located at the interface of the Atlantic Forest and Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) in São Paulo State, Brazil, we employed a pixel-based supervised classification approach using a combination of panchromatic and multispectral bands obtained from Landsat 2, 5, 7, and C...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/7/1870 |
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| author | Lucas Moreira Furlan Manuel Eduardo Ferreira César Augusto Moreira Paulo Guilherme de Alencar Matheus Felipe Stanfoca Casagrande Vânia Rosolen |
| author_facet | Lucas Moreira Furlan Manuel Eduardo Ferreira César Augusto Moreira Paulo Guilherme de Alencar Matheus Felipe Stanfoca Casagrande Vânia Rosolen |
| author_sort | Lucas Moreira Furlan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In two small and isolated wetlands located at the interface of the Atlantic Forest and Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) in São Paulo State, Brazil, we employed a pixel-based supervised classification approach using a combination of panchromatic and multispectral bands obtained from Landsat 2, 5, 7, and CBERS-04A satellites (ranging from 80 to 2 m/pixel). In addition, we acquired DJI Phantom 4 Pro UAV-RGB images in twelve different periods with a resolution of +5 cm/pixel. Furthermore, we utilized 2D and 3D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) to obtain data on the surroundings and center of the wetlands. Finally, we conducted a climatological data analysis. The results from the multisource data allowed us to classify the ecosystems as geographically isolated wetlands (GIWs), for which we documented a seasonal month-to-month (12 months) spatial variation of inundated area, vegetation pattern, soil water interaction, and a point of surface and deep-subsurface water interaction. These results are essential for high-accuracy characterization of small wetlands’ hydrodynamics and hydroperiods at the local scale. Our study contributes to optimizing GIWs understanding, monitoring, and reapplication of the methodology in other wetlands or small ecosystems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:25:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6a0f216eecdd443380a094cdf6054fea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:25:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-6a0f216eecdd443380a094cdf6054fea2023-11-17T17:30:10ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922023-03-01157187010.3390/rs15071870Satellite, UAV, and Geophysical Data to Identify Surface and Subsurface Hydrodynamics of Geographically Isolated Wetlands: Understanding an Undervalued Ecosystem at the Atlantic Forest-Cerrado Interface of BrazilLucas Moreira Furlan0Manuel Eduardo Ferreira1César Augusto Moreira2Paulo Guilherme de Alencar3Matheus Felipe Stanfoca Casagrande4Vânia Rosolen5Department of Geology, Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro 13506-900, BrazilLAPIG—Image Processing and GIS Laboratory, Institute of Socio-Environmental Studies, Samambaia Campus, Federal University of Goiás, Av. Esperança s/n, Goiânia 74690-900, BrazilDepartment of Geology, Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro 13506-900, BrazilDepartment of Geology, Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro 13506-900, BrazilDepartment of Geology, Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro 13506-900, BrazilDepartment of Geology, Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro 13506-900, BrazilIn two small and isolated wetlands located at the interface of the Atlantic Forest and Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) in São Paulo State, Brazil, we employed a pixel-based supervised classification approach using a combination of panchromatic and multispectral bands obtained from Landsat 2, 5, 7, and CBERS-04A satellites (ranging from 80 to 2 m/pixel). In addition, we acquired DJI Phantom 4 Pro UAV-RGB images in twelve different periods with a resolution of +5 cm/pixel. Furthermore, we utilized 2D and 3D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) to obtain data on the surroundings and center of the wetlands. Finally, we conducted a climatological data analysis. The results from the multisource data allowed us to classify the ecosystems as geographically isolated wetlands (GIWs), for which we documented a seasonal month-to-month (12 months) spatial variation of inundated area, vegetation pattern, soil water interaction, and a point of surface and deep-subsurface water interaction. These results are essential for high-accuracy characterization of small wetlands’ hydrodynamics and hydroperiods at the local scale. Our study contributes to optimizing GIWs understanding, monitoring, and reapplication of the methodology in other wetlands or small ecosystems.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/7/1870unmanned aerial vehicledronesatelliteelectrical resistivity tomographysavanna |
| spellingShingle | Lucas Moreira Furlan Manuel Eduardo Ferreira César Augusto Moreira Paulo Guilherme de Alencar Matheus Felipe Stanfoca Casagrande Vânia Rosolen Satellite, UAV, and Geophysical Data to Identify Surface and Subsurface Hydrodynamics of Geographically Isolated Wetlands: Understanding an Undervalued Ecosystem at the Atlantic Forest-Cerrado Interface of Brazil Remote Sensing unmanned aerial vehicle drone satellite electrical resistivity tomography savanna |
| title | Satellite, UAV, and Geophysical Data to Identify Surface and Subsurface Hydrodynamics of Geographically Isolated Wetlands: Understanding an Undervalued Ecosystem at the Atlantic Forest-Cerrado Interface of Brazil |
| title_full | Satellite, UAV, and Geophysical Data to Identify Surface and Subsurface Hydrodynamics of Geographically Isolated Wetlands: Understanding an Undervalued Ecosystem at the Atlantic Forest-Cerrado Interface of Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Satellite, UAV, and Geophysical Data to Identify Surface and Subsurface Hydrodynamics of Geographically Isolated Wetlands: Understanding an Undervalued Ecosystem at the Atlantic Forest-Cerrado Interface of Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Satellite, UAV, and Geophysical Data to Identify Surface and Subsurface Hydrodynamics of Geographically Isolated Wetlands: Understanding an Undervalued Ecosystem at the Atlantic Forest-Cerrado Interface of Brazil |
| title_short | Satellite, UAV, and Geophysical Data to Identify Surface and Subsurface Hydrodynamics of Geographically Isolated Wetlands: Understanding an Undervalued Ecosystem at the Atlantic Forest-Cerrado Interface of Brazil |
| title_sort | satellite uav and geophysical data to identify surface and subsurface hydrodynamics of geographically isolated wetlands understanding an undervalued ecosystem at the atlantic forest cerrado interface of brazil |
| topic | unmanned aerial vehicle drone satellite electrical resistivity tomography savanna |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/7/1870 |
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