Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing but neither xerostomia nor salivary gland hypofunction are associated with low intakes of fruit and vegetables in older Danish adults
Xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction are prevalent conditions in older people and may adversely influence the intake of certain foods, notably fruit and vegetables. Here, we aimed to investigate whether xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction were associated with a lower intake of fruit and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nutritional Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679021000380/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1811155919801679872 |
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| author | Anne Marie Lynge Pedersen Anja Weirsøe Dynesen Berit Lilienthal Heitmann |
| author_facet | Anne Marie Lynge Pedersen Anja Weirsøe Dynesen Berit Lilienthal Heitmann |
| author_sort | Anne Marie Lynge Pedersen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction are prevalent conditions in older people and may adversely influence the intake of certain foods, notably fruit and vegetables. Here, we aimed to investigate whether xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction were associated with a lower intake of fruit and vegetables. The study included 621 community-dwelling adults, mean age 75⋅2 ± 6⋅4 years, 58⋅9 % female, who had participated in the Copenhagen City Heart Study follow-up, and undergone interviews regarding food intake (preceding month), oral and general health (xerostomia, taste alterations, diseases, medication, alcohol consumption and smoking), clinical oral examination and measurements of unstimulated and chewing-stimulated whole saliva flow rates. The average total energy intake (8⋅4 ± 2⋅7 MJ) and protein energy percentage (14⋅8 ± 3⋅1 %) were slightly below recommendations. The average fruit (234⋅7 ± 201⋅2 g/d) and vegetables (317⋅3 ± 157⋅4 g/d) intakes were within recommendations. Xerostomia and hyposalivation were more prevalent in women than in men (16⋅4 v. 7⋅1 %, P < 0⋅001 and 40⋅7 v. 27⋅5 %, P < 0⋅001). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that older age (β −0⋅009, se 0⋅003, P = 0⋅005), smoking (β −0⋅212, se 0⋅060, P = 0⋅0005) and wearing complete dentures/being partially or fully edentulous (β −0⋅141, se 0⋅048, P = 0⋅003), but neither xerostomia nor salivary flow rates were associated with an inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, after adjustment for covariates. Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing were stronger determinants of low fruit and vegetable intakes than xerostomia and salivary hypofunction supporting the importance of dietary counselling and maintenance of oral health and an adequate masticatory performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T04:42:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6a306a7fa2b845ef8d477b58826b0d09 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2048-6790 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T04:42:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nutritional Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-6a306a7fa2b845ef8d477b58826b0d092023-03-09T12:38:46ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Nutritional Science2048-67902021-01-011010.1017/jns.2021.38Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing but neither xerostomia nor salivary gland hypofunction are associated with low intakes of fruit and vegetables in older Danish adultsAnne Marie Lynge Pedersen0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6424-5803Anja Weirsøe Dynesen1Berit Lilienthal Heitmann2Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 20, 2200 Copenhagen, DenmarkCentre of Nutrition and Rehabilitation, University College Absalon, Sorø, DenmarkResearch Unit for Dietary Studies, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Frederiksberg, Denmark Section for General Practice, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkXerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction are prevalent conditions in older people and may adversely influence the intake of certain foods, notably fruit and vegetables. Here, we aimed to investigate whether xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction were associated with a lower intake of fruit and vegetables. The study included 621 community-dwelling adults, mean age 75⋅2 ± 6⋅4 years, 58⋅9 % female, who had participated in the Copenhagen City Heart Study follow-up, and undergone interviews regarding food intake (preceding month), oral and general health (xerostomia, taste alterations, diseases, medication, alcohol consumption and smoking), clinical oral examination and measurements of unstimulated and chewing-stimulated whole saliva flow rates. The average total energy intake (8⋅4 ± 2⋅7 MJ) and protein energy percentage (14⋅8 ± 3⋅1 %) were slightly below recommendations. The average fruit (234⋅7 ± 201⋅2 g/d) and vegetables (317⋅3 ± 157⋅4 g/d) intakes were within recommendations. Xerostomia and hyposalivation were more prevalent in women than in men (16⋅4 v. 7⋅1 %, P < 0⋅001 and 40⋅7 v. 27⋅5 %, P < 0⋅001). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that older age (β −0⋅009, se 0⋅003, P = 0⋅005), smoking (β −0⋅212, se 0⋅060, P = 0⋅0005) and wearing complete dentures/being partially or fully edentulous (β −0⋅141, se 0⋅048, P = 0⋅003), but neither xerostomia nor salivary flow rates were associated with an inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, after adjustment for covariates. Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing were stronger determinants of low fruit and vegetable intakes than xerostomia and salivary hypofunction supporting the importance of dietary counselling and maintenance of oral health and an adequate masticatory performance.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679021000380/type/journal_articleDietary intakeFruit and vegetablesNutritionOlder adultsXerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction |
| spellingShingle | Anne Marie Lynge Pedersen Anja Weirsøe Dynesen Berit Lilienthal Heitmann Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing but neither xerostomia nor salivary gland hypofunction are associated with low intakes of fruit and vegetables in older Danish adults Journal of Nutritional Science Dietary intake Fruit and vegetables Nutrition Older adults Xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction |
| title | Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing but neither xerostomia nor salivary gland hypofunction are associated with low intakes of fruit and vegetables in older Danish adults |
| title_full | Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing but neither xerostomia nor salivary gland hypofunction are associated with low intakes of fruit and vegetables in older Danish adults |
| title_fullStr | Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing but neither xerostomia nor salivary gland hypofunction are associated with low intakes of fruit and vegetables in older Danish adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing but neither xerostomia nor salivary gland hypofunction are associated with low intakes of fruit and vegetables in older Danish adults |
| title_short | Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing but neither xerostomia nor salivary gland hypofunction are associated with low intakes of fruit and vegetables in older Danish adults |
| title_sort | older age smoking tooth loss and denture wearing but neither xerostomia nor salivary gland hypofunction are associated with low intakes of fruit and vegetables in older danish adults |
| topic | Dietary intake Fruit and vegetables Nutrition Older adults Xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679021000380/type/journal_article |
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