Land Cover Mapping in Southwestern China Using the HC-MMK Approach
Land cover mapping in mountainous areas is a notoriously challenging task due to the rugged terrain and high spatial heterogeneity of land surfaces as well as the frequent cloud contamination of satellite imagery. Taking Southwestern China (a typical mountainous region) as an example, this paper est...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2016-04-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/4/305 |
| _version_ | 1818941379107094528 |
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| author | Guangbin Lei Ainong Li Jinhu Bian Zhengjian Zhang Huaan Jin Xi Nan Wei Zhao Jiyan Wang Xiaomin Cao Jianbo Tan Qiannan Liu Huan Yu Guangbin Yang Wenlan Feng |
| author_facet | Guangbin Lei Ainong Li Jinhu Bian Zhengjian Zhang Huaan Jin Xi Nan Wei Zhao Jiyan Wang Xiaomin Cao Jianbo Tan Qiannan Liu Huan Yu Guangbin Yang Wenlan Feng |
| author_sort | Guangbin Lei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Land cover mapping in mountainous areas is a notoriously challenging task due to the rugged terrain and high spatial heterogeneity of land surfaces as well as the frequent cloud contamination of satellite imagery. Taking Southwestern China (a typical mountainous region) as an example, this paper established a new HC-MMK approach (Hierarchical Classification based on Multi-source and Multi-temporal data and geo-Knowledge), which was especially designed for land cover mapping in mountainous areas. This approach was taken in order to generate a 30 m-resolution land cover product in Southwestern China in 2010 (hereinafter referred to as CLC-SW2010). The multi-temporal native HJ (HuanJing, small satellite constellation for disaster and environmental monitoring) CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) images, Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) images and topographical data (including elevation, aspect, slope, etc.) were taken as the main input data sources. Hierarchical classification tree construction and a five-step knowledge-based interactive quality control were the major components of this proposed approach. The CLC-SW2010 product contained six primary categories and 38 secondary categories, which covered about 2.33 million km2 (accounting for about a quarter of the land area of China). The accuracies of primary and secondary categories for CLC-SW2010 reached 95.09% and 87.14%, respectively, which were assessed independently by a third-party group. This product has so far been used to estimate the terrestrial carbon stocks and assess the quality of the ecological environments. The proposed HC-MMK approach could be used not only in mountainous areas, but also for plains, hills and other regions. Meanwhile, this study could also be used as a reference for other land cover mapping projects over large areas or even the entire globe. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T06:54:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6a3727c90e0e47e9aabeed62abb52eec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T06:54:36Z |
| publishDate | 2016-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-6a3727c90e0e47e9aabeed62abb52eec2022-12-21T19:49:24ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922016-04-018430510.3390/rs8040305rs8040305Land Cover Mapping in Southwestern China Using the HC-MMK ApproachGuangbin Lei0Ainong Li1Jinhu Bian2Zhengjian Zhang3Huaan Jin4Xi Nan5Wei Zhao6Jiyan Wang7Xiaomin Cao8Jianbo Tan9Qiannan Liu10Huan Yu11Guangbin Yang12Wenlan Feng13Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaInstitute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaInstitute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaInstitute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaInstitute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaInstitute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaInstitute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaInstitute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaInstitute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaInstitute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaInstitute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, ChinaSchool of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, ChinaLand cover mapping in mountainous areas is a notoriously challenging task due to the rugged terrain and high spatial heterogeneity of land surfaces as well as the frequent cloud contamination of satellite imagery. Taking Southwestern China (a typical mountainous region) as an example, this paper established a new HC-MMK approach (Hierarchical Classification based on Multi-source and Multi-temporal data and geo-Knowledge), which was especially designed for land cover mapping in mountainous areas. This approach was taken in order to generate a 30 m-resolution land cover product in Southwestern China in 2010 (hereinafter referred to as CLC-SW2010). The multi-temporal native HJ (HuanJing, small satellite constellation for disaster and environmental monitoring) CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) images, Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) images and topographical data (including elevation, aspect, slope, etc.) were taken as the main input data sources. Hierarchical classification tree construction and a five-step knowledge-based interactive quality control were the major components of this proposed approach. The CLC-SW2010 product contained six primary categories and 38 secondary categories, which covered about 2.33 million km2 (accounting for about a quarter of the land area of China). The accuracies of primary and secondary categories for CLC-SW2010 reached 95.09% and 87.14%, respectively, which were assessed independently by a third-party group. This product has so far been used to estimate the terrestrial carbon stocks and assess the quality of the ecological environments. The proposed HC-MMK approach could be used not only in mountainous areas, but also for plains, hills and other regions. Meanwhile, this study could also be used as a reference for other land cover mapping projects over large areas or even the entire globe.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/4/305land cover mappinghierarchical classificationknowledgequality controlmulti-source dataHC-MMK approachCLC-SW2010 productSouthwestern China |
| spellingShingle | Guangbin Lei Ainong Li Jinhu Bian Zhengjian Zhang Huaan Jin Xi Nan Wei Zhao Jiyan Wang Xiaomin Cao Jianbo Tan Qiannan Liu Huan Yu Guangbin Yang Wenlan Feng Land Cover Mapping in Southwestern China Using the HC-MMK Approach Remote Sensing land cover mapping hierarchical classification knowledge quality control multi-source data HC-MMK approach CLC-SW2010 product Southwestern China |
| title | Land Cover Mapping in Southwestern China Using the HC-MMK Approach |
| title_full | Land Cover Mapping in Southwestern China Using the HC-MMK Approach |
| title_fullStr | Land Cover Mapping in Southwestern China Using the HC-MMK Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Land Cover Mapping in Southwestern China Using the HC-MMK Approach |
| title_short | Land Cover Mapping in Southwestern China Using the HC-MMK Approach |
| title_sort | land cover mapping in southwestern china using the hc mmk approach |
| topic | land cover mapping hierarchical classification knowledge quality control multi-source data HC-MMK approach CLC-SW2010 product Southwestern China |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/4/305 |
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