Characterization of Ultrafine Cellulose-filled High-Density Polyethylene Composites Prepared using Different Compounding Methods
An extensional flow mixture (EFM) system was studied, with the goal of achieving better distributive and dispersive mixing. The effects of different mixing strategies (masterbatch method (MB), polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA) as a compatibilizer, and compounding devices, such as a sin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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North Carolina State University
2016-08-01
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| Series: | BioResources |
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| Online Access: | http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_11_4_8178_Boran_Ultrafine_Cellulose_Polyethylene_Composites |
| _version_ | 1818465641329328128 |
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| author | Sevda Boran Alper Kiziltas Esra Erbas Kiziltas Douglas J. Gardner |
| author_facet | Sevda Boran Alper Kiziltas Esra Erbas Kiziltas Douglas J. Gardner |
| author_sort | Sevda Boran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An extensional flow mixture (EFM) system was studied, with the goal of achieving better distributive and dispersive mixing. The effects of different mixing strategies (masterbatch method (MB), polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA) as a compatibilizer, and compounding devices, such as a single screw extruder (SSE), a twin screw extruder (TSE), and an extensional flow mixer (EFM)) on the mechanical, thermal, rheological, and morphological properties of ultrafine cellulose (UFC)-filled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites were investigated. Maximum tensile strength (17.7 MPa), tensile modulus (0.88 GPa), flexural strength (18.8 MPa), and flexural modulus (0.63 GPa) were obtained from the MB compounding method. The maximum stress-strain (13.8%) was obtained with EFM compounding. Polymer composites from SSE and SSE/EFM compounding methods with PE-g-MA exhibited slightly higher crystallinity compared with other compounding methods. The storage modulus of the samples prepared with the MB method was higher than those prepared with the SSE compounding method. The UFC-filled HDPE composites from the EFM compounding process exhibited lower melt viscosities than the other composites at high shear rates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed the cellulose to be distributed and dispersed reasonably well in the HDPE matrix when using a coupling agent in combination with the MB and EFM compounding methods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:48:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6a4fed4337714bbbad830e1c3618c601 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1930-2126 1930-2126 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:48:02Z |
| publishDate | 2016-08-01 |
| publisher | North Carolina State University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BioResources |
| spelling | doaj.art-6a4fed4337714bbbad830e1c3618c6012022-12-22T02:30:37ZengNorth Carolina State UniversityBioResources1930-21261930-21262016-08-011148178819910.15376/biores.11.4.8178-8199Characterization of Ultrafine Cellulose-filled High-Density Polyethylene Composites Prepared using Different Compounding MethodsSevda Boran0Alper Kiziltas1Esra Erbas Kiziltas2Douglas J. Gardner3Karadeniz Technical University; Turkey Advanced Structures and Composites Center, University of Maine, 04469Orono, ME; Department of Forest Industry Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, University of Bartın, 74100Bartın, Turkey; TurkeyAdvanced Structures and Composites Center, University of Maine, 04469 Orono, ME; The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Tubitak), Tunus Cad, Kavaklıdere, 06100 Ankara, Turkey; Turkey Advanced Structures and Composites Center, University of Maine, 04469 Orono, ME; United StatesAn extensional flow mixture (EFM) system was studied, with the goal of achieving better distributive and dispersive mixing. The effects of different mixing strategies (masterbatch method (MB), polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA) as a compatibilizer, and compounding devices, such as a single screw extruder (SSE), a twin screw extruder (TSE), and an extensional flow mixer (EFM)) on the mechanical, thermal, rheological, and morphological properties of ultrafine cellulose (UFC)-filled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites were investigated. Maximum tensile strength (17.7 MPa), tensile modulus (0.88 GPa), flexural strength (18.8 MPa), and flexural modulus (0.63 GPa) were obtained from the MB compounding method. The maximum stress-strain (13.8%) was obtained with EFM compounding. Polymer composites from SSE and SSE/EFM compounding methods with PE-g-MA exhibited slightly higher crystallinity compared with other compounding methods. The storage modulus of the samples prepared with the MB method was higher than those prepared with the SSE compounding method. The UFC-filled HDPE composites from the EFM compounding process exhibited lower melt viscosities than the other composites at high shear rates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed the cellulose to be distributed and dispersed reasonably well in the HDPE matrix when using a coupling agent in combination with the MB and EFM compounding methods.http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_11_4_8178_Boran_Ultrafine_Cellulose_Polyethylene_CompositesMechanical propertiesCelluloseCompositesExtrusionRheology |
| spellingShingle | Sevda Boran Alper Kiziltas Esra Erbas Kiziltas Douglas J. Gardner Characterization of Ultrafine Cellulose-filled High-Density Polyethylene Composites Prepared using Different Compounding Methods BioResources Mechanical properties Cellulose Composites Extrusion Rheology |
| title | Characterization of Ultrafine Cellulose-filled High-Density Polyethylene Composites Prepared using Different Compounding Methods |
| title_full | Characterization of Ultrafine Cellulose-filled High-Density Polyethylene Composites Prepared using Different Compounding Methods |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of Ultrafine Cellulose-filled High-Density Polyethylene Composites Prepared using Different Compounding Methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Ultrafine Cellulose-filled High-Density Polyethylene Composites Prepared using Different Compounding Methods |
| title_short | Characterization of Ultrafine Cellulose-filled High-Density Polyethylene Composites Prepared using Different Compounding Methods |
| title_sort | characterization of ultrafine cellulose filled high density polyethylene composites prepared using different compounding methods |
| topic | Mechanical properties Cellulose Composites Extrusion Rheology |
| url | http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_11_4_8178_Boran_Ultrafine_Cellulose_Polyethylene_Composites |
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