The Role of Leaky Gut in Functional Dyspepsia
Patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) complain of epigastric symptoms with no identifiable cause. Increased intestinal permeability has been described in these patients, especially in the proximal small bowel or duodenum, and was associated with mucosal immune activation and symptoms. In this revi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.851012/full |
| _version_ | 1830214171191410688 |
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| author | Lucas Wauters Lucas Wauters Matthias Ceulemans Jolien Schol Jolien Schol Ricard Farré Jan Tack Jan Tack Tim Vanuytsel Tim Vanuytsel |
| author_facet | Lucas Wauters Lucas Wauters Matthias Ceulemans Jolien Schol Jolien Schol Ricard Farré Jan Tack Jan Tack Tim Vanuytsel Tim Vanuytsel |
| author_sort | Lucas Wauters |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) complain of epigastric symptoms with no identifiable cause. Increased intestinal permeability has been described in these patients, especially in the proximal small bowel or duodenum, and was associated with mucosal immune activation and symptoms. In this review, we discuss duodenal barrier function, including techniques currently applied in FD research. We summarize the available data on duodenal permeability in FD and factors associated to increased permeability, including mucosal eosinophils, mast cells, luminal and systemic factors. While the increased influx of antigens into the duodenal mucosa could result in local immune activation, clinical evidence for a causal role of permeability is lacking in the absence of specific barrier-protective treatments. As both existing and novel treatments, including proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and pre- or probiotics may impact duodenal barrier function, it is important to recognize and study these alterations to improve the knowledge and management of FD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T06:37:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6a547635e0ba4094a7fcc3d3653ddfe0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T06:37:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-6a547635e0ba4094a7fcc3d3653ddfe02022-12-21T21:17:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2022-03-011610.3389/fnins.2022.851012851012The Role of Leaky Gut in Functional DyspepsiaLucas Wauters0Lucas Wauters1Matthias Ceulemans2Jolien Schol3Jolien Schol4Ricard Farré5Jan Tack6Jan Tack7Tim Vanuytsel8Tim Vanuytsel9Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumTranslational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumTranslational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumTranslational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumTranslational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumTranslational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumTranslational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumPatients with functional dyspepsia (FD) complain of epigastric symptoms with no identifiable cause. Increased intestinal permeability has been described in these patients, especially in the proximal small bowel or duodenum, and was associated with mucosal immune activation and symptoms. In this review, we discuss duodenal barrier function, including techniques currently applied in FD research. We summarize the available data on duodenal permeability in FD and factors associated to increased permeability, including mucosal eosinophils, mast cells, luminal and systemic factors. While the increased influx of antigens into the duodenal mucosa could result in local immune activation, clinical evidence for a causal role of permeability is lacking in the absence of specific barrier-protective treatments. As both existing and novel treatments, including proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and pre- or probiotics may impact duodenal barrier function, it is important to recognize and study these alterations to improve the knowledge and management of FD.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.851012/fullfunctional dyspepsiapermeabilityimmunologyduodenumgut-brain-axis |
| spellingShingle | Lucas Wauters Lucas Wauters Matthias Ceulemans Jolien Schol Jolien Schol Ricard Farré Jan Tack Jan Tack Tim Vanuytsel Tim Vanuytsel The Role of Leaky Gut in Functional Dyspepsia Frontiers in Neuroscience functional dyspepsia permeability immunology duodenum gut-brain-axis |
| title | The Role of Leaky Gut in Functional Dyspepsia |
| title_full | The Role of Leaky Gut in Functional Dyspepsia |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Leaky Gut in Functional Dyspepsia |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Leaky Gut in Functional Dyspepsia |
| title_short | The Role of Leaky Gut in Functional Dyspepsia |
| title_sort | role of leaky gut in functional dyspepsia |
| topic | functional dyspepsia permeability immunology duodenum gut-brain-axis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2022.851012/full |
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