Effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets
The utilization of urea in camels has beneficial and negative effects. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrients intake, digestibility, growth performance, feed efficiency and economics in growing camels fed roughage based complet...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2015-12-01
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| Series: | Animal Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240565451530069X |
| _version_ | 1818914371426844672 |
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| author | Ntiranyibagira Emmanuel Niteen V. Patil Shekbar R. Bhagwat Abdul Lateef Kang Xu Hongnan Liu |
| author_facet | Ntiranyibagira Emmanuel Niteen V. Patil Shekbar R. Bhagwat Abdul Lateef Kang Xu Hongnan Liu |
| author_sort | Ntiranyibagira Emmanuel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The utilization of urea in camels has beneficial and negative effects. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrients intake, digestibility, growth performance, feed efficiency and economics in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets. In the present study, eighteen growing camels with an average live body weight of 306.17 ± 2.05 kg were randomly assigned in three treatments: T1 = roughage complete pellet diet without urea, T2 = T1 plus 1% urea, and T3 = T1 plus 2% urea. The results showed that the urea supplementation significantly affected average daily feed and nutrient intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (P < 0.05). On the contrary, the average daily intake of nitrogen free extract (NFE) and water were not influenced by increasing urea supplementation (P > 0.05). Similarly, digestion coefficient of DM, CP, ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF) and ADF was influenced by increasing urea level (P < 0.05), while the digestion coefficient of OM, NFE and NDF was not affected by increasing urea level (P > 0.05). The intake of digestive nutrients was similar among all treatment groups. Total body live weight gain and average daily gain were significantly higher in urea supplemented groups (P < 0.05) than in the control group. The supplementation of urea at 1% in low quality roughage complete pellet diets significantly improved (P < 0.05) the feed efficiency. In conclusion, these results indicated that the incorporation of urea at 1% in roughage based complete pellet diets could positively improve nutrients intake, digestibility, growth performance and feed conversion efficiency of growing camels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:45:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6a655abd5d744e1884b5d7a8352cedf1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-6545 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:45:19Z |
| publishDate | 2015-12-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animal Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-6a655abd5d744e1884b5d7a8352cedf12022-12-21T20:01:19ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Animal Nutrition2405-65452015-12-011435636110.1016/j.aninu.2015.12.004Effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet dietsNtiranyibagira Emmanuel0Niteen V. Patil1Shekbar R. Bhagwat2Abdul Lateef3Kang Xu4Hongnan Liu5Faculté d'Agronomie et de Bio-Ingénierie (FABI), Université du Burundi, Bujumbura BP. 2490, BurundiNational Research Centre on Camel, Indian Council for Agriculture Research, Bikaner 334001, IndiaCollege of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Gujarat 385506, IndiaDepartment of Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Dantiwada 385506, IndiaHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, ChinaHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, ChinaThe utilization of urea in camels has beneficial and negative effects. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrients intake, digestibility, growth performance, feed efficiency and economics in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets. In the present study, eighteen growing camels with an average live body weight of 306.17 ± 2.05 kg were randomly assigned in three treatments: T1 = roughage complete pellet diet without urea, T2 = T1 plus 1% urea, and T3 = T1 plus 2% urea. The results showed that the urea supplementation significantly affected average daily feed and nutrient intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (P < 0.05). On the contrary, the average daily intake of nitrogen free extract (NFE) and water were not influenced by increasing urea supplementation (P > 0.05). Similarly, digestion coefficient of DM, CP, ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF) and ADF was influenced by increasing urea level (P < 0.05), while the digestion coefficient of OM, NFE and NDF was not affected by increasing urea level (P > 0.05). The intake of digestive nutrients was similar among all treatment groups. Total body live weight gain and average daily gain were significantly higher in urea supplemented groups (P < 0.05) than in the control group. The supplementation of urea at 1% in low quality roughage complete pellet diets significantly improved (P < 0.05) the feed efficiency. In conclusion, these results indicated that the incorporation of urea at 1% in roughage based complete pellet diets could positively improve nutrients intake, digestibility, growth performance and feed conversion efficiency of growing camels.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240565451530069XUreaNutrient intakeGrowth performanceComplete pellet dietFeed conversion ratio |
| spellingShingle | Ntiranyibagira Emmanuel Niteen V. Patil Shekbar R. Bhagwat Abdul Lateef Kang Xu Hongnan Liu Effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets Animal Nutrition Urea Nutrient intake Growth performance Complete pellet diet Feed conversion ratio |
| title | Effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets |
| title_full | Effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets |
| title_fullStr | Effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets |
| title_short | Effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets |
| title_sort | effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets |
| topic | Urea Nutrient intake Growth performance Complete pellet diet Feed conversion ratio |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240565451530069X |
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