Involvement of Huntingtin in Development and Ciliary Beating Regulation of Larvae of the Sea Urchin, <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i>
The multiple functions of the wild type Huntington’s disease protein of the sea urchin <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i> (Hp-Htt) have been examined using the anti-Hp-Htt antibody (Ab) raised against synthetic oligopeptides. According to immunoblotting, Hp-Htt was detected as a single ba...
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| author | Hideki Katow Tomoko Katow Hiromi Yoshida Masato Kiyomoto |
| author_facet | Hideki Katow Tomoko Katow Hiromi Yoshida Masato Kiyomoto |
| author_sort | Hideki Katow |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The multiple functions of the wild type Huntington’s disease protein of the sea urchin <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i> (Hp-Htt) have been examined using the anti-Hp-Htt antibody (Ab) raised against synthetic oligopeptides. According to immunoblotting, Hp-Htt was detected as a single band at around the 350 kDa region at the swimming blastula stage to the prism larva stage. From the 2-arm pluteus stage (2aPL), however, an additional smaller band at the 165 kDa region appeared. Immunohistochemically, Hp-Htt was detected in the nuclei and the nearby cytoplasm of the ectodermal cells from the swimming blastula stage, and the blastocoelar cells from the mid-gastrula stage. The Ab-positive signal was converged to the ciliary band-associated strand (CBAS). There, it was accompanied by several CBAS-marker proteins in the cytoplasm, such as glutamate decarboxylase. Application of <i>Hp-Htt morpholino</i> (<i>Hp-Htt-MO</i>) has resulted in shortened larval arms, accompanied by decreased 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridin (BrdU) incorporation by the ectodermal cells of the larval arms. <i>Hp-Htt-MO</i> also resulted in lowered ciliary beating activity, accompanied by a disordered swirling pattern formation around the body. These <i>Hp-Htt-MO</i>-induced deficiencies took place after the onset of CBAS system formation at the larval arms. Thus, Hp-Htt is involved in cell proliferation and the ciliary beating pattern regulation signaling system in pluteus larvae. |
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| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-6a6937619c254825a5e962887694df482023-11-21T19:21:48ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-05-012210511610.3390/ijms22105116Involvement of Huntingtin in Development and Ciliary Beating Regulation of Larvae of the Sea Urchin, <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i>Hideki Katow0Tomoko Katow1Hiromi Yoshida2Masato Kiyomoto3Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, JapanResearch Center for Marine Biology, Tohoku University, Aomori 039-3501, JapanInstitute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, JapanInstitute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, JapanThe multiple functions of the wild type Huntington’s disease protein of the sea urchin <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i> (Hp-Htt) have been examined using the anti-Hp-Htt antibody (Ab) raised against synthetic oligopeptides. According to immunoblotting, Hp-Htt was detected as a single band at around the 350 kDa region at the swimming blastula stage to the prism larva stage. From the 2-arm pluteus stage (2aPL), however, an additional smaller band at the 165 kDa region appeared. Immunohistochemically, Hp-Htt was detected in the nuclei and the nearby cytoplasm of the ectodermal cells from the swimming blastula stage, and the blastocoelar cells from the mid-gastrula stage. The Ab-positive signal was converged to the ciliary band-associated strand (CBAS). There, it was accompanied by several CBAS-marker proteins in the cytoplasm, such as glutamate decarboxylase. Application of <i>Hp-Htt morpholino</i> (<i>Hp-Htt-MO</i>) has resulted in shortened larval arms, accompanied by decreased 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridin (BrdU) incorporation by the ectodermal cells of the larval arms. <i>Hp-Htt-MO</i> also resulted in lowered ciliary beating activity, accompanied by a disordered swirling pattern formation around the body. These <i>Hp-Htt-MO</i>-induced deficiencies took place after the onset of CBAS system formation at the larval arms. Thus, Hp-Htt is involved in cell proliferation and the ciliary beating pattern regulation signaling system in pluteus larvae.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/10/5116huntingtinCBAScell proliferationciliary beatinglarval swimmingsea urchin larva |
| spellingShingle | Hideki Katow Tomoko Katow Hiromi Yoshida Masato Kiyomoto Involvement of Huntingtin in Development and Ciliary Beating Regulation of Larvae of the Sea Urchin, <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences huntingtin CBAS cell proliferation ciliary beating larval swimming sea urchin larva |
| title | Involvement of Huntingtin in Development and Ciliary Beating Regulation of Larvae of the Sea Urchin, <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i> |
| title_full | Involvement of Huntingtin in Development and Ciliary Beating Regulation of Larvae of the Sea Urchin, <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i> |
| title_fullStr | Involvement of Huntingtin in Development and Ciliary Beating Regulation of Larvae of the Sea Urchin, <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Involvement of Huntingtin in Development and Ciliary Beating Regulation of Larvae of the Sea Urchin, <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i> |
| title_short | Involvement of Huntingtin in Development and Ciliary Beating Regulation of Larvae of the Sea Urchin, <i>Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus</i> |
| title_sort | involvement of huntingtin in development and ciliary beating regulation of larvae of the sea urchin i hemicentrotus pulcherrimus i |
| topic | huntingtin CBAS cell proliferation ciliary beating larval swimming sea urchin larva |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/10/5116 |
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