Detection and molecular characterization of urinary tract HIV-1 populations
Abstract Background Identification of all possible HIV reservoirs is an important aspect in HIV eradication efforts. The urinary tract has however not been well studied as a potential HIV reservoir. In this pilot study we molecularly characterized HIV-1 viruses in urine and plasma samples to investi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2019-09-01
|
| Series: | Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12941-019-0326-9 |
| _version_ | 1818155920390094848 |
|---|---|
| author | M. L. Mzingwane G. Hunt R. Lassauniere M. Kalimashe A. Bongwe J. Ledwaba R. E. Chaisson N. Martinson K. Richter S. M. Bowyer C. T. Tiemessen |
| author_facet | M. L. Mzingwane G. Hunt R. Lassauniere M. Kalimashe A. Bongwe J. Ledwaba R. E. Chaisson N. Martinson K. Richter S. M. Bowyer C. T. Tiemessen |
| author_sort | M. L. Mzingwane |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Identification of all possible HIV reservoirs is an important aspect in HIV eradication efforts. The urinary tract has however not been well studied as a potential HIV reservoir. In this pilot study we molecularly characterized HIV-1 viruses in urine and plasma samples to investigate HIV-1 replication, compartmentalization and persistence in the urinary tract. Methods Prospectively collected urine and blood samples collected over 12–36 months from 20 HIV-1 infected individuals were analysed including sampling points from prior to and after ART initiation. HIV-1 pol gene RNA and DNA from urine supernatant and urine pellets respectively were analysed and compared to plasma RNA viruses from the same individual. Results HIV-1 nucleic acid was detected in urine samples from at least one time point in 8/20 (40%) treatment-naïve subjects compared to 1/13 (7.7%) individuals on antiretroviral treatment (ART) during periods of plasma viral suppression and 1/7 (14.3%) individuals with virological failure. HIV-1 RNA was undetectable in urine samples after ART initiation but HIV-1 DNA was detectable in one patient more than 6 months after treatment initiation. There was co-clustering of urine-derived pol sequences but some urine-derived sequences were interspersed among the plasma-derived sequences. Conclusions Suppressive ART reduces HIV-1 replication in the urinary tract but HIV-1 DNA may persist in these cells despite treatment. A larger number of sequences would be required to confirm HIV compartmentalization in the urinary tract. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:50:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6a70f2250a9c4044857155fc5a5fd015 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-0711 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:50:04Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials |
| spelling | doaj.art-6a70f2250a9c4044857155fc5a5fd0152022-12-22T01:01:30ZengBMCAnnals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials1476-07112019-09-011811710.1186/s12941-019-0326-9Detection and molecular characterization of urinary tract HIV-1 populationsM. L. Mzingwane0G. Hunt1R. Lassauniere2M. Kalimashe3A. Bongwe4J. Ledwaba5R. E. Chaisson6N. Martinson7K. Richter8S. M. Bowyer9C. T. Tiemessen10Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Science & TechnologyCentre for HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections, National Institute for Communicable DiseasesCentre for HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections, National Institute for Communicable DiseasesCentre for HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections, National Institute for Communicable DiseasesCentre for HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections, National Institute for Communicable DiseasesCentre for HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections, National Institute for Communicable DiseasesJohns Hopkins University Center for AIDS ResearchPerinatal HIV Research Unit (PHRU), SA MRC Soweto Matlosana Collaborating Centre for HIV/AIDS and TB, University of the WitwatersrandDepartment of Medical Virology, University of PretoriaDepartment of Medical Virology, University of PretoriaCentre for HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections, National Institute for Communicable DiseasesAbstract Background Identification of all possible HIV reservoirs is an important aspect in HIV eradication efforts. The urinary tract has however not been well studied as a potential HIV reservoir. In this pilot study we molecularly characterized HIV-1 viruses in urine and plasma samples to investigate HIV-1 replication, compartmentalization and persistence in the urinary tract. Methods Prospectively collected urine and blood samples collected over 12–36 months from 20 HIV-1 infected individuals were analysed including sampling points from prior to and after ART initiation. HIV-1 pol gene RNA and DNA from urine supernatant and urine pellets respectively were analysed and compared to plasma RNA viruses from the same individual. Results HIV-1 nucleic acid was detected in urine samples from at least one time point in 8/20 (40%) treatment-naïve subjects compared to 1/13 (7.7%) individuals on antiretroviral treatment (ART) during periods of plasma viral suppression and 1/7 (14.3%) individuals with virological failure. HIV-1 RNA was undetectable in urine samples after ART initiation but HIV-1 DNA was detectable in one patient more than 6 months after treatment initiation. There was co-clustering of urine-derived pol sequences but some urine-derived sequences were interspersed among the plasma-derived sequences. Conclusions Suppressive ART reduces HIV-1 replication in the urinary tract but HIV-1 DNA may persist in these cells despite treatment. A larger number of sequences would be required to confirm HIV compartmentalization in the urinary tract.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12941-019-0326-9 |
| spellingShingle | M. L. Mzingwane G. Hunt R. Lassauniere M. Kalimashe A. Bongwe J. Ledwaba R. E. Chaisson N. Martinson K. Richter S. M. Bowyer C. T. Tiemessen Detection and molecular characterization of urinary tract HIV-1 populations Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials |
| title | Detection and molecular characterization of urinary tract HIV-1 populations |
| title_full | Detection and molecular characterization of urinary tract HIV-1 populations |
| title_fullStr | Detection and molecular characterization of urinary tract HIV-1 populations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection and molecular characterization of urinary tract HIV-1 populations |
| title_short | Detection and molecular characterization of urinary tract HIV-1 populations |
| title_sort | detection and molecular characterization of urinary tract hiv 1 populations |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12941-019-0326-9 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mlmzingwane detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofurinarytracthiv1populations AT ghunt detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofurinarytracthiv1populations AT rlassauniere detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofurinarytracthiv1populations AT mkalimashe detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofurinarytracthiv1populations AT abongwe detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofurinarytracthiv1populations AT jledwaba detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofurinarytracthiv1populations AT rechaisson detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofurinarytracthiv1populations AT nmartinson detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofurinarytracthiv1populations AT krichter detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofurinarytracthiv1populations AT smbowyer detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofurinarytracthiv1populations AT cttiemessen detectionandmolecularcharacterizationofurinarytracthiv1populations |