Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of <i>Sinapis alba</i> L.
Oilseed crops play a vital role in the economy of Pakistan, yet the production of oilseeds is far less than the demand for them. White mustard (<i>Sinapis alba</i> L.) is an emerging crop, that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. It is considered to be an alternative to all other oilseed...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/6/1621 |
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| author | Ehsan Ul Haq Fayyaz Ul Hassan Fanrui Zhou Xiaomin Gong Abdul Manaf Ghulam Shabbir Muhammad Fazal Karim Patricia Jie Hung King Muhammad Faheem Adil Imran Haider Shamsi |
| author_facet | Ehsan Ul Haq Fayyaz Ul Hassan Fanrui Zhou Xiaomin Gong Abdul Manaf Ghulam Shabbir Muhammad Fazal Karim Patricia Jie Hung King Muhammad Faheem Adil Imran Haider Shamsi |
| author_sort | Ehsan Ul Haq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oilseed crops play a vital role in the economy of Pakistan, yet the production of oilseeds is far less than the demand for them. White mustard (<i>Sinapis alba</i> L.) is an emerging crop, that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. It is considered to be an alternative to all other oilseed crops for dry temperate climates. White mustard develops rapidly, and has a large canopy and deep rooting system; hence, it can draw up nutrients from deeper layers. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of nitrogen on <i>S. alba</i> agro-morphological attributes and enhance nutrient use efficiencies. During the Rabi seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21, an experiment was conducted at the University Research Farm, Chakwal Road, Rawalpindi. The study included seven treatments, i.e., T1-Control, T2-20, T3-40, T4-60, T5-80, T6-100, and T7-120 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup>. Each treatment was replicated three times, and the study utilized a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results revealed that nitrogen at 100 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup> was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control. Moreover, protein contents and oil contents were significantly increased (5.15% and 6%, respectively), as compared to the control, while glucosinolate content was decreased (4.36%). Similarly, maximum agronomic efficiency (AE), apparent recovery efficiency (ARE) (53%), physiological efficiency (PE), and nutrient use efficiency (NUE) were also improved, as compared to the control. Hence, N application at a concentration of 100 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup> can be recommended for <i>S. alba</i> under the present cropping system of Pothwar. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:51:44Z |
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| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:51:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-6a9d60553ce64858a47db615a45297f52023-11-18T08:55:47ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-06-01136162110.3390/agronomy13061621Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of <i>Sinapis alba</i> L.Ehsan Ul Haq0Fayyaz Ul Hassan1Fanrui Zhou2Xiaomin Gong3Abdul Manaf4Ghulam Shabbir5Muhammad Fazal Karim6Patricia Jie Hung King7Muhammad Faheem Adil8Imran Haider Shamsi9Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop and Food Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop and Food Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaBaoshan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Baoshan 678000, ChinaDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop and Food Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanDepartment of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Crop and Food Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop and Food Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanInstitute of Ecosystem Science Borneo, University Putra Malaysia, Bintulu 97000, MalaysiaZhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaZhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaOilseed crops play a vital role in the economy of Pakistan, yet the production of oilseeds is far less than the demand for them. White mustard (<i>Sinapis alba</i> L.) is an emerging crop, that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. It is considered to be an alternative to all other oilseed crops for dry temperate climates. White mustard develops rapidly, and has a large canopy and deep rooting system; hence, it can draw up nutrients from deeper layers. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of nitrogen on <i>S. alba</i> agro-morphological attributes and enhance nutrient use efficiencies. During the Rabi seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21, an experiment was conducted at the University Research Farm, Chakwal Road, Rawalpindi. The study included seven treatments, i.e., T1-Control, T2-20, T3-40, T4-60, T5-80, T6-100, and T7-120 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup>. Each treatment was replicated three times, and the study utilized a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results revealed that nitrogen at 100 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup> was the optimal concentration and significantly increased the agro-morphological parameters, i.e., plant height (47.01%), primary branches (41.36%), secondary branches (45.33%), 1000 seed weight (54.35%), siliques/plant (41.57%), seeds/silique (52.30%) biological yield (68.38%), seed yield (54.90%), harvest index (11%), and oil yield (38.84%), as compared to the control. Moreover, protein contents and oil contents were significantly increased (5.15% and 6%, respectively), as compared to the control, while glucosinolate content was decreased (4.36%). Similarly, maximum agronomic efficiency (AE), apparent recovery efficiency (ARE) (53%), physiological efficiency (PE), and nutrient use efficiency (NUE) were also improved, as compared to the control. Hence, N application at a concentration of 100 kg·ha<sup>−1</sup> can be recommended for <i>S. alba</i> under the present cropping system of Pothwar.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/6/1621agronomic efficiencyfertilizer applicationoil contentswhite mustardyield |
| spellingShingle | Ehsan Ul Haq Fayyaz Ul Hassan Fanrui Zhou Xiaomin Gong Abdul Manaf Ghulam Shabbir Muhammad Fazal Karim Patricia Jie Hung King Muhammad Faheem Adil Imran Haider Shamsi Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of <i>Sinapis alba</i> L. Agronomy agronomic efficiency fertilizer application oil contents white mustard yield |
| title | Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of <i>Sinapis alba</i> L. |
| title_full | Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of <i>Sinapis alba</i> L. |
| title_fullStr | Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of <i>Sinapis alba</i> L. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of <i>Sinapis alba</i> L. |
| title_short | Nitrogen Fertilization Improves the Agro-Morphological and Yield Attributes of <i>Sinapis alba</i> L. |
| title_sort | nitrogen fertilization improves the agro morphological and yield attributes of i sinapis alba i l |
| topic | agronomic efficiency fertilizer application oil contents white mustard yield |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/6/1621 |
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