Parasitism Potential and Laboratory Rearing of <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp., a Newly Discovered Parasitoid of <i>Cacopsylla chinensis</i>
<i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is a newly recognized and important parasitoid of <i>Cacopsylla chinensis</i> (Yang and Li) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), a pest of pear orchards. Its parasitism potential and rearing were studied in the laboratory. The studies sho...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/3/943 |
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| author | Zifang Qin Mingyue Feng Liu Zhang Yang Ge Xinzheng Huang Wangpeng Shi |
| author_facet | Zifang Qin Mingyue Feng Liu Zhang Yang Ge Xinzheng Huang Wangpeng Shi |
| author_sort | Zifang Qin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is a newly recognized and important parasitoid of <i>Cacopsylla chinensis</i> (Yang and Li) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), a pest of pear orchards. Its parasitism potential and rearing were studied in the laboratory. The studies showed that the most suitable hosts were fourth- and fifth-instar nymphs of pear psyllids (<i>C. chinensis</i>). The development duration of <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. females and males was 15.25 ± 0.37 and 13.57 ± 0.27 days when laying eggs in fourth-instar psyllid nymphs. The wasps did not survive longer than three days when they were fed only water, while they survived about an average of 20 days (23.20 ± 1.12 for females and 19.00 ± 0.80 for males) when fed 20% honey water. The provision of honey water could thus increase adult parasitoid longevity significantly. The lifetime fecundity of <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. females was 21.60 ± 0.88. Tests of parasitoid efficiency showed that the wasp’s functional response was Holling type II, with the number of hosts parasitized increasing with the host density to a maximum parasitism rate. The model suggested that a single <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. female could parasitize a maximum of 13.66 nymphs per day. The mutual interference of foraging <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. females occurred at high parasitoid densities. <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. has potential as a biocontrol agent for use against <i>C. chinensis</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:02:33Z |
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| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:02:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-6aaaccaf51a544248c06fa7fb14fb9632023-11-17T09:08:35ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-03-0113394310.3390/agronomy13030943Parasitism Potential and Laboratory Rearing of <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp., a Newly Discovered Parasitoid of <i>Cacopsylla chinensis</i>Zifang Qin0Mingyue Feng1Liu Zhang2Yang Ge3Xinzheng Huang4Wangpeng Shi5Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaDepartment of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaInstitute of Plant Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, ChinaNational Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-Di Herbs, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, ChinaDepartment of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaDepartment of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China<i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is a newly recognized and important parasitoid of <i>Cacopsylla chinensis</i> (Yang and Li) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), a pest of pear orchards. Its parasitism potential and rearing were studied in the laboratory. The studies showed that the most suitable hosts were fourth- and fifth-instar nymphs of pear psyllids (<i>C. chinensis</i>). The development duration of <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. females and males was 15.25 ± 0.37 and 13.57 ± 0.27 days when laying eggs in fourth-instar psyllid nymphs. The wasps did not survive longer than three days when they were fed only water, while they survived about an average of 20 days (23.20 ± 1.12 for females and 19.00 ± 0.80 for males) when fed 20% honey water. The provision of honey water could thus increase adult parasitoid longevity significantly. The lifetime fecundity of <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. females was 21.60 ± 0.88. Tests of parasitoid efficiency showed that the wasp’s functional response was Holling type II, with the number of hosts parasitized increasing with the host density to a maximum parasitism rate. The model suggested that a single <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. female could parasitize a maximum of 13.66 nymphs per day. The mutual interference of foraging <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. females occurred at high parasitoid densities. <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp. has potential as a biocontrol agent for use against <i>C. chinensis</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/3/943pear psyllaPsyllidaeparasitoid waspbiological characteristicsbiological control |
| spellingShingle | Zifang Qin Mingyue Feng Liu Zhang Yang Ge Xinzheng Huang Wangpeng Shi Parasitism Potential and Laboratory Rearing of <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp., a Newly Discovered Parasitoid of <i>Cacopsylla chinensis</i> Agronomy pear psylla Psyllidae parasitoid wasp biological characteristics biological control |
| title | Parasitism Potential and Laboratory Rearing of <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp., a Newly Discovered Parasitoid of <i>Cacopsylla chinensis</i> |
| title_full | Parasitism Potential and Laboratory Rearing of <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp., a Newly Discovered Parasitoid of <i>Cacopsylla chinensis</i> |
| title_fullStr | Parasitism Potential and Laboratory Rearing of <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp., a Newly Discovered Parasitoid of <i>Cacopsylla chinensis</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Parasitism Potential and Laboratory Rearing of <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp., a Newly Discovered Parasitoid of <i>Cacopsylla chinensis</i> |
| title_short | Parasitism Potential and Laboratory Rearing of <i>Psyllaephagus</i> sp., a Newly Discovered Parasitoid of <i>Cacopsylla chinensis</i> |
| title_sort | parasitism potential and laboratory rearing of i psyllaephagus i sp a newly discovered parasitoid of i cacopsylla chinensis i |
| topic | pear psylla Psyllidae parasitoid wasp biological characteristics biological control |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/3/943 |
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