Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
This article evaluates the physical-chemical parameters of Faecal Sludge (FS) as possible predictors of dewatering performances. Also, the variability of FS dewatering characteristics was assessed from different containments and in different seasons in relationship with dewatering performance. A tot...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IWA Publishing
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Water Practice and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://wpt.iwaponline.com/content/16/4/1182 |
| _version_ | 1830408131622993920 |
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| author | Benjamin Doglas Richard Kimwaga Aloyce Mayo |
| author_facet | Benjamin Doglas Richard Kimwaga Aloyce Mayo |
| author_sort | Benjamin Doglas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article evaluates the physical-chemical parameters of Faecal Sludge (FS) as possible predictors of dewatering performances. Also, the variability of FS dewatering characteristics was assessed from different containments and in different seasons in relationship with dewatering performance. A total of 120 samples were collected and analyzed during the rainy and dry seasons in April and July 2019, respectively, to capture seasonal variability. FS from pit latrines (PT) took longer to dewater followed by mixer containments, while soak-away sludge (SO) took a relatively short time to dewater. Also, FS from PT was found to have a high amount of settled solids, hence high % of TS in dry cakes. Slow dewatering and turbid supernatant corresponded to high pH, electrical conductivity and total solids, but cake solids after dewatering were correlated with total solids of FS. The FS dewaterability was higher for SO (DI = 0.9) and least for PT (DI = 0.3). Seasonal variability of FS dewaterability within the containments was higher for PT (DI = 0.74) and least for SO (DI = 0.5). Planning of FS treatment plants including sizing and design for effective dewatering performance, variation of physical-chemical dewatering predictors in sources and season could provide a relatively low-cost way to predict dewatering performance. HIGHLIGHTS
Variability of FS characteristics from different containments.;
Seasonal variability of FS within the containment.;
Dewaterability potential of FS.;
Variation of dewaterability potential of FS among and within containments.;
The containment type and seasonal variation influenced the treatment of FS.; |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T18:44:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6aac07d8777e433b851e9977a7915d12 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1751-231X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T18:44:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | IWA Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water Practice and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6aac07d8777e433b851e9977a7915d122022-12-21T19:29:44ZengIWA PublishingWater Practice and Technology1751-231X2021-10-011641182119310.2166/wpt.2021.052052Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaBenjamin Doglas0Richard Kimwaga1Aloyce Mayo2 Department of Water Resources Engineering, University of Dar es Salaam, P. O. Box 35131, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Department of Water Resources Engineering, University of Dar es Salaam, P. O. Box 35131, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Department of Water Resources Engineering, University of Dar es Salaam, P. O. Box 35131, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania This article evaluates the physical-chemical parameters of Faecal Sludge (FS) as possible predictors of dewatering performances. Also, the variability of FS dewatering characteristics was assessed from different containments and in different seasons in relationship with dewatering performance. A total of 120 samples were collected and analyzed during the rainy and dry seasons in April and July 2019, respectively, to capture seasonal variability. FS from pit latrines (PT) took longer to dewater followed by mixer containments, while soak-away sludge (SO) took a relatively short time to dewater. Also, FS from PT was found to have a high amount of settled solids, hence high % of TS in dry cakes. Slow dewatering and turbid supernatant corresponded to high pH, electrical conductivity and total solids, but cake solids after dewatering were correlated with total solids of FS. The FS dewaterability was higher for SO (DI = 0.9) and least for PT (DI = 0.3). Seasonal variability of FS dewaterability within the containments was higher for PT (DI = 0.74) and least for SO (DI = 0.5). Planning of FS treatment plants including sizing and design for effective dewatering performance, variation of physical-chemical dewatering predictors in sources and season could provide a relatively low-cost way to predict dewatering performance. HIGHLIGHTS Variability of FS characteristics from different containments.; Seasonal variability of FS within the containment.; Dewaterability potential of FS.; Variation of dewaterability potential of FS among and within containments.; The containment type and seasonal variation influenced the treatment of FS.;http://wpt.iwaponline.com/content/16/4/1182dewaterabilitydewatering timefaecal sludgephysical-chemical predictors |
| spellingShingle | Benjamin Doglas Richard Kimwaga Aloyce Mayo Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Water Practice and Technology dewaterability dewatering time faecal sludge physical-chemical predictors |
| title | Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
| title_full | Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
| title_fullStr | Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
| title_short | Variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on-site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |
| title_sort | variability of faecal sludge characteristics and its implication for dewaterability across different on site sanitation containments in unplanned settlements in dar es salaam tanzania |
| topic | dewaterability dewatering time faecal sludge physical-chemical predictors |
| url | http://wpt.iwaponline.com/content/16/4/1182 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT benjamindoglas variabilityoffaecalsludgecharacteristicsanditsimplicationfordewaterabilityacrossdifferentonsitesanitationcontainmentsinunplannedsettlementsindaressalaamtanzania AT richardkimwaga variabilityoffaecalsludgecharacteristicsanditsimplicationfordewaterabilityacrossdifferentonsitesanitationcontainmentsinunplannedsettlementsindaressalaamtanzania AT aloycemayo variabilityoffaecalsludgecharacteristicsanditsimplicationfordewaterabilityacrossdifferentonsitesanitationcontainmentsinunplannedsettlementsindaressalaamtanzania |