Conventional methods and future trends in antimicrobial susceptibility testing
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is an essential task for selecting appropriate antimicrobial agents to treat infectious diseases. Constant evolution has been observed in methods used in the diagnostic microbiology laboratories. Disc diffusion or broth microdilution are classical and conventiona...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X2300027X |
| _version_ | 1811157878315155456 |
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| author | Md. Abdus Salam Md. Yusuf Al-Amin Jogendra Singh Pawar Naseem Akhter Irine Banu Lucy |
| author_facet | Md. Abdus Salam Md. Yusuf Al-Amin Jogendra Singh Pawar Naseem Akhter Irine Banu Lucy |
| author_sort | Md. Abdus Salam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is an essential task for selecting appropriate antimicrobial agents to treat infectious diseases. Constant evolution has been observed in methods used in the diagnostic microbiology laboratories. Disc diffusion or broth microdilution are classical and conventional phenotypic methods with long turnaround time and labour-intensive but still widely practiced as gold-standard. Scientists are striving to develop innovative, novel and faster methods of antimicrobial susceptibility testing to be applicable for routine microbiological laboratory practice and research. To meet the requirements, there is an increasing trend towards automation, genotypic and micro/nano technology-based innovations. Automation in detection systems and integration of computers for online data analysis and data sharing are giant leaps towards versatile nature of automated methods currently in use. Genotypic methods detect a specific genetic marker associated with resistant phenotypes using molecular amplification techniques and genome sequencing. Microfluidics and microdroplets are recent addition in the continuous advancement of methods that show great promises with regards to safety and speed and have the prospect to identify and monitor resistance mechanisms. Although genotypic and microfluidics methods have many exciting features, however, their applications into routine clinical laboratory practice warrant extensive validation. The main impetus behind the evolution of methods in antimicrobial susceptibility testing is to shorten the overall turnaround time in obtaining the results and to enhance the ease of sample processing. This comprehensive narrative review summarises major conventional phenotypic methods and automated systems currently in use, and highlights principles of some of the emerging genotypic and micro/nanotechnology-based methods in antimicrobial susceptibility testing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:14:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6aaed998a2f244fc9770b6b762fa214f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1319-562X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:14:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-6aaed998a2f244fc9770b6b762fa214f2023-03-09T04:12:52ZengElsevierSaudi Journal of Biological Sciences1319-562X2023-03-01303103582Conventional methods and future trends in antimicrobial susceptibility testingMd. Abdus Salam0Md. Yusuf Al-Amin1Jogendra Singh Pawar2Naseem Akhter3Irine Banu Lucy4Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University, MalaysiaPurdue University Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USADepartment of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USADepartment of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USADepartment of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; Corresponding author at: Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is an essential task for selecting appropriate antimicrobial agents to treat infectious diseases. Constant evolution has been observed in methods used in the diagnostic microbiology laboratories. Disc diffusion or broth microdilution are classical and conventional phenotypic methods with long turnaround time and labour-intensive but still widely practiced as gold-standard. Scientists are striving to develop innovative, novel and faster methods of antimicrobial susceptibility testing to be applicable for routine microbiological laboratory practice and research. To meet the requirements, there is an increasing trend towards automation, genotypic and micro/nano technology-based innovations. Automation in detection systems and integration of computers for online data analysis and data sharing are giant leaps towards versatile nature of automated methods currently in use. Genotypic methods detect a specific genetic marker associated with resistant phenotypes using molecular amplification techniques and genome sequencing. Microfluidics and microdroplets are recent addition in the continuous advancement of methods that show great promises with regards to safety and speed and have the prospect to identify and monitor resistance mechanisms. Although genotypic and microfluidics methods have many exciting features, however, their applications into routine clinical laboratory practice warrant extensive validation. The main impetus behind the evolution of methods in antimicrobial susceptibility testing is to shorten the overall turnaround time in obtaining the results and to enhance the ease of sample processing. This comprehensive narrative review summarises major conventional phenotypic methods and automated systems currently in use, and highlights principles of some of the emerging genotypic and micro/nanotechnology-based methods in antimicrobial susceptibility testing.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X2300027XAntimicrobial susceptibility testingConventional methodsAutomationsGenotypic methodsMicro/nanotechnology-based techniquesAdvantages and disadvantages |
| spellingShingle | Md. Abdus Salam Md. Yusuf Al-Amin Jogendra Singh Pawar Naseem Akhter Irine Banu Lucy Conventional methods and future trends in antimicrobial susceptibility testing Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences Antimicrobial susceptibility testing Conventional methods Automations Genotypic methods Micro/nanotechnology-based techniques Advantages and disadvantages |
| title | Conventional methods and future trends in antimicrobial susceptibility testing |
| title_full | Conventional methods and future trends in antimicrobial susceptibility testing |
| title_fullStr | Conventional methods and future trends in antimicrobial susceptibility testing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Conventional methods and future trends in antimicrobial susceptibility testing |
| title_short | Conventional methods and future trends in antimicrobial susceptibility testing |
| title_sort | conventional methods and future trends in antimicrobial susceptibility testing |
| topic | Antimicrobial susceptibility testing Conventional methods Automations Genotypic methods Micro/nanotechnology-based techniques Advantages and disadvantages |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X2300027X |
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