On the Fast DHT Precoding of OFDM Signals over Frequency-Selective Fading Channels for Wireless Applications
Due to high power consumption and other problems, it is unlikely that orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) would be included in the uplink of the future 6G standard. High power consumption in OFDM systems is motivated by the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) introduced by the inve...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Electronics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/19/3099 |
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| author | Kelvin Anoh Cagri Tanriover Moisés V. Ribeiro Bamidele Adebisi Chan Hwang See |
| author_facet | Kelvin Anoh Cagri Tanriover Moisés V. Ribeiro Bamidele Adebisi Chan Hwang See |
| author_sort | Kelvin Anoh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to high power consumption and other problems, it is unlikely that orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) would be included in the uplink of the future 6G standard. High power consumption in OFDM systems is motivated by the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) introduced by the inverse Fourier transform (IFFT) processing kernel in the time domain. Linear precoding of the symbols in the frequency domain using discrete Hartley transform (DHT) could be used to minimise the PAPR problem, however, at the cost of increased complexity and power consumption. In this study, we minimise the computation complexity of the DHT precoding on OFDM transceiver schemes and the consequent power consumption. We exploit the involutory properties of the processing kernels to process the DHT and IFFT as a single-processing block, thus reducing the system complexity and power consumption. These also enable a novel power-saving receiver design. We compare the results to three other precoding schemes and the standard OFDM scheme as the baseline; while improving the power consumption efficiency of a Class-A power amplifier from <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>4.16</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>16.56</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, the bit error ratio is also enhanced by up to 5 dB when using a <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>—</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>rate error-correction coding and 7 dB with interleaving. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:51:51Z |
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| id | doaj.art-6aaf4aee04ed4f5cbafeace0d8ad3153 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:51:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-6aaf4aee04ed4f5cbafeace0d8ad31532023-11-23T20:06:17ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922022-09-011119309910.3390/electronics11193099On the Fast DHT Precoding of OFDM Signals over Frequency-Selective Fading Channels for Wireless ApplicationsKelvin Anoh0Cagri Tanriover1Moisés V. Ribeiro2Bamidele Adebisi3Chan Hwang See4School of Engineering, University of Bolton, Bolton BL3 5AB, UKIntel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR 97124, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, BrazilSchool of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UKSchool Engineering, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UKDue to high power consumption and other problems, it is unlikely that orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) would be included in the uplink of the future 6G standard. High power consumption in OFDM systems is motivated by the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) introduced by the inverse Fourier transform (IFFT) processing kernel in the time domain. Linear precoding of the symbols in the frequency domain using discrete Hartley transform (DHT) could be used to minimise the PAPR problem, however, at the cost of increased complexity and power consumption. In this study, we minimise the computation complexity of the DHT precoding on OFDM transceiver schemes and the consequent power consumption. We exploit the involutory properties of the processing kernels to process the DHT and IFFT as a single-processing block, thus reducing the system complexity and power consumption. These also enable a novel power-saving receiver design. We compare the results to three other precoding schemes and the standard OFDM scheme as the baseline; while improving the power consumption efficiency of a Class-A power amplifier from <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>4.16</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>16.56</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, the bit error ratio is also enhanced by up to 5 dB when using a <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>—</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>rate error-correction coding and 7 dB with interleaving.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/19/3099discrete Hartley transform (DHT)discrete Fourier transform (DFT)orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)precoding |
| spellingShingle | Kelvin Anoh Cagri Tanriover Moisés V. Ribeiro Bamidele Adebisi Chan Hwang See On the Fast DHT Precoding of OFDM Signals over Frequency-Selective Fading Channels for Wireless Applications Electronics discrete Hartley transform (DHT) discrete Fourier transform (DFT) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) precoding |
| title | On the Fast DHT Precoding of OFDM Signals over Frequency-Selective Fading Channels for Wireless Applications |
| title_full | On the Fast DHT Precoding of OFDM Signals over Frequency-Selective Fading Channels for Wireless Applications |
| title_fullStr | On the Fast DHT Precoding of OFDM Signals over Frequency-Selective Fading Channels for Wireless Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | On the Fast DHT Precoding of OFDM Signals over Frequency-Selective Fading Channels for Wireless Applications |
| title_short | On the Fast DHT Precoding of OFDM Signals over Frequency-Selective Fading Channels for Wireless Applications |
| title_sort | on the fast dht precoding of ofdm signals over frequency selective fading channels for wireless applications |
| topic | discrete Hartley transform (DHT) discrete Fourier transform (DFT) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) precoding |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/19/3099 |
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