Lactobacillus plantarum Disrupts S. mutans–C. albicans Cross-Kingdom Biofilms
Dental caries, an ecological dysbiosis of oral microflora, initiates from the virulent biofilms formed on tooth surfaces where cariogenic microorganisms metabolize dietary carbohydrates, producing acid that demineralizes tooth enamel. Forming cariogenic biofilms, Streptococcus mutans and Candida alb...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.872012/full |
| _version_ | 1818755631810609152 |
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| author | Yan Zeng Ahmed Fadaak Nora Alomeir Tong Tong Wu Elena Rustchenko Shuang Qing Jianhang Bao Christie Gilbert Jin Xiao |
| author_facet | Yan Zeng Ahmed Fadaak Nora Alomeir Tong Tong Wu Elena Rustchenko Shuang Qing Jianhang Bao Christie Gilbert Jin Xiao |
| author_sort | Yan Zeng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dental caries, an ecological dysbiosis of oral microflora, initiates from the virulent biofilms formed on tooth surfaces where cariogenic microorganisms metabolize dietary carbohydrates, producing acid that demineralizes tooth enamel. Forming cariogenic biofilms, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans are well-recognized and emerging pathogens for dental caries. Recently, probiotics have demonstrated their potential in treating biofilm-related diseases, including caries. However, limited studies have assessed their effect on cariogenic bacteria–fungi cross-kingdom biofilm formation and their underlying interactions. Here, we assessed the effect of four probiotic Lactobacillus strains (Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 2836, Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014, Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 14917, and Lactobacillus salivarius ATCC 11741) on S. mutans and C. albicans using a comprehensive multispecies biofilm model that mimicked high caries risk clinical conditions. Among the tested probiotic species, L. plantarum demonstrated superior inhibition on the growth of C. albicans and S. mutans, disruption of virulent biofilm formation with reduced bacteria and exopolysaccharide (EPS) components, and formation of virulent microcolonies structures. Transcriptome analysis (RNA sequencing) further revealed disruption of S. mutans and C. albicans cross-kingdom interactions with added L. plantarum. Genes of S. mutans and C. albicans involved in metabolic pathways (e.g., EPS formation, carbohydrate metabolism, glycan biosynthesis, and metabolism) were significantly downregulated. More significantly, genes related to C. albicans resistance to antifungal medication (ERG4), fungal cell wall chitin remodeling (CHT2), and resistance to oxidative stress (CAT1) were also significantly downregulated. In contrast, Lactobacillus genes plnD, plnG, and plnN that contribute to antimicrobial peptide plantaricin production were significantly upregulated. Our novel study findings support further assessment of the potential role of probiotic L. plantarum for cariogenic biofilm control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T05:42:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6abae2ced536411c81fd9f68c62dc9df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T05:42:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6abae2ced536411c81fd9f68c62dc9df2022-12-21T21:19:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882022-03-011210.3389/fcimb.2022.872012872012Lactobacillus plantarum Disrupts S. mutans–C. albicans Cross-Kingdom BiofilmsYan Zeng0Ahmed Fadaak1Nora Alomeir2Tong Tong Wu3Elena Rustchenko4Shuang Qing5Jianhang Bao6Christie Gilbert7Jin Xiao8Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United StatesEastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United StatesEastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United StatesDepartment of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United StatesDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United StatesUniversity of Rochester River Campus, Rochester, NY, United StatesEastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United StatesMicrobiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United StatesEastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United StatesDental caries, an ecological dysbiosis of oral microflora, initiates from the virulent biofilms formed on tooth surfaces where cariogenic microorganisms metabolize dietary carbohydrates, producing acid that demineralizes tooth enamel. Forming cariogenic biofilms, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans are well-recognized and emerging pathogens for dental caries. Recently, probiotics have demonstrated their potential in treating biofilm-related diseases, including caries. However, limited studies have assessed their effect on cariogenic bacteria–fungi cross-kingdom biofilm formation and their underlying interactions. Here, we assessed the effect of four probiotic Lactobacillus strains (Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 2836, Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014, Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 14917, and Lactobacillus salivarius ATCC 11741) on S. mutans and C. albicans using a comprehensive multispecies biofilm model that mimicked high caries risk clinical conditions. Among the tested probiotic species, L. plantarum demonstrated superior inhibition on the growth of C. albicans and S. mutans, disruption of virulent biofilm formation with reduced bacteria and exopolysaccharide (EPS) components, and formation of virulent microcolonies structures. Transcriptome analysis (RNA sequencing) further revealed disruption of S. mutans and C. albicans cross-kingdom interactions with added L. plantarum. Genes of S. mutans and C. albicans involved in metabolic pathways (e.g., EPS formation, carbohydrate metabolism, glycan biosynthesis, and metabolism) were significantly downregulated. More significantly, genes related to C. albicans resistance to antifungal medication (ERG4), fungal cell wall chitin remodeling (CHT2), and resistance to oxidative stress (CAT1) were also significantly downregulated. In contrast, Lactobacillus genes plnD, plnG, and plnN that contribute to antimicrobial peptide plantaricin production were significantly upregulated. Our novel study findings support further assessment of the potential role of probiotic L. plantarum for cariogenic biofilm control.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.872012/fullStreptococcus mutansCandida albicansdental cariesmultispecies biofilmscross-kingdom interactionsLactobacillus plantarum |
| spellingShingle | Yan Zeng Ahmed Fadaak Nora Alomeir Tong Tong Wu Elena Rustchenko Shuang Qing Jianhang Bao Christie Gilbert Jin Xiao Lactobacillus plantarum Disrupts S. mutans–C. albicans Cross-Kingdom Biofilms Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Streptococcus mutans Candida albicans dental caries multispecies biofilms cross-kingdom interactions Lactobacillus plantarum |
| title | Lactobacillus plantarum Disrupts S. mutans–C. albicans Cross-Kingdom Biofilms |
| title_full | Lactobacillus plantarum Disrupts S. mutans–C. albicans Cross-Kingdom Biofilms |
| title_fullStr | Lactobacillus plantarum Disrupts S. mutans–C. albicans Cross-Kingdom Biofilms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lactobacillus plantarum Disrupts S. mutans–C. albicans Cross-Kingdom Biofilms |
| title_short | Lactobacillus plantarum Disrupts S. mutans–C. albicans Cross-Kingdom Biofilms |
| title_sort | lactobacillus plantarum disrupts s mutans c albicans cross kingdom biofilms |
| topic | Streptococcus mutans Candida albicans dental caries multispecies biofilms cross-kingdom interactions Lactobacillus plantarum |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.872012/full |
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