Glutamate alleviates muscle protein loss by modulating TLR4, NODs, Akt/FOXO and mTOR signaling pathways in LPS-challenged piglets.
The experiment was conducted to study the effect of the glutamate (Glu) on muscle protein loss through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain proteins (NODs), Akt/Forkhead Box O (Akt/FOXO) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways in LPS-challenged p...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2017-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5544224?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1828741035492114432 |
|---|---|
| author | Ping Kang Xiuying Wang Huanting Wu Huiling Zhu Yongqing Hou Longmei Wang Yulan Liu |
| author_facet | Ping Kang Xiuying Wang Huanting Wu Huiling Zhu Yongqing Hou Longmei Wang Yulan Liu |
| author_sort | Ping Kang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The experiment was conducted to study the effect of the glutamate (Glu) on muscle protein loss through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain proteins (NODs), Akt/Forkhead Box O (Akt/FOXO) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways in LPS-challenged piglets. Twenty-four weaned piglets were assigned into four treatments: (1) Control; (2) LPS+0% Glu; (3) LPS + 1.0% Glu; (4) LPS + 2.0% Glu. The experiment was lasted for 28 days. On d 28, the piglets in the LPS challenged groups were injected with LPS on 100 μg/kg body weight (BW), and the piglets in the control group were injected with the same volume of 0.9% NaCl solution. After 4 h LPS or saline injection, the piglets were slaughtered and the muscle samples were collected. Glu supplementation increased the protein/DNA ratio in gastrocnemius muscle, and the protein content in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle after LPS challenge (P<0.05). In addition, Glu supplementation decreased TLR4, IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) 1, receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase (RIPK) 2, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) mRNA expression in gastrocnemius muscle (P<0.05), MyD88 mRNA expression in LD muscle, and FOXO1 mRNA expression in LD muscle (P<0.05). Moreover, Glu supplementation increased p-Akt/t-Akt ratio (P<0.05) in gastrocnemius muscle, and p-4EBP1/t-4EBP1 ratio in both gastrocnemius and LD muscles (P<0.05). Glu supplementation in the piglets' diets might be an effective strategy to alleviate LPS-induced muscle protein loss, which might be due to suppressing the mRNA expression of TLR4 and NODs signaling-related genes, and modulating Akt/FOXO and mTOR signaling pathways. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T00:52:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6ae26eba6cb94623a4c6e5d24cddd2f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T00:52:08Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-6ae26eba6cb94623a4c6e5d24cddd2f82022-12-22T03:09:51ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032017-01-01128e018224610.1371/journal.pone.0182246Glutamate alleviates muscle protein loss by modulating TLR4, NODs, Akt/FOXO and mTOR signaling pathways in LPS-challenged piglets.Ping KangXiuying WangHuanting WuHuiling ZhuYongqing HouLongmei WangYulan LiuThe experiment was conducted to study the effect of the glutamate (Glu) on muscle protein loss through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain proteins (NODs), Akt/Forkhead Box O (Akt/FOXO) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways in LPS-challenged piglets. Twenty-four weaned piglets were assigned into four treatments: (1) Control; (2) LPS+0% Glu; (3) LPS + 1.0% Glu; (4) LPS + 2.0% Glu. The experiment was lasted for 28 days. On d 28, the piglets in the LPS challenged groups were injected with LPS on 100 μg/kg body weight (BW), and the piglets in the control group were injected with the same volume of 0.9% NaCl solution. After 4 h LPS or saline injection, the piglets were slaughtered and the muscle samples were collected. Glu supplementation increased the protein/DNA ratio in gastrocnemius muscle, and the protein content in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle after LPS challenge (P<0.05). In addition, Glu supplementation decreased TLR4, IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) 1, receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase (RIPK) 2, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) mRNA expression in gastrocnemius muscle (P<0.05), MyD88 mRNA expression in LD muscle, and FOXO1 mRNA expression in LD muscle (P<0.05). Moreover, Glu supplementation increased p-Akt/t-Akt ratio (P<0.05) in gastrocnemius muscle, and p-4EBP1/t-4EBP1 ratio in both gastrocnemius and LD muscles (P<0.05). Glu supplementation in the piglets' diets might be an effective strategy to alleviate LPS-induced muscle protein loss, which might be due to suppressing the mRNA expression of TLR4 and NODs signaling-related genes, and modulating Akt/FOXO and mTOR signaling pathways.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5544224?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Ping Kang Xiuying Wang Huanting Wu Huiling Zhu Yongqing Hou Longmei Wang Yulan Liu Glutamate alleviates muscle protein loss by modulating TLR4, NODs, Akt/FOXO and mTOR signaling pathways in LPS-challenged piglets. PLoS ONE |
| title | Glutamate alleviates muscle protein loss by modulating TLR4, NODs, Akt/FOXO and mTOR signaling pathways in LPS-challenged piglets. |
| title_full | Glutamate alleviates muscle protein loss by modulating TLR4, NODs, Akt/FOXO and mTOR signaling pathways in LPS-challenged piglets. |
| title_fullStr | Glutamate alleviates muscle protein loss by modulating TLR4, NODs, Akt/FOXO and mTOR signaling pathways in LPS-challenged piglets. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glutamate alleviates muscle protein loss by modulating TLR4, NODs, Akt/FOXO and mTOR signaling pathways in LPS-challenged piglets. |
| title_short | Glutamate alleviates muscle protein loss by modulating TLR4, NODs, Akt/FOXO and mTOR signaling pathways in LPS-challenged piglets. |
| title_sort | glutamate alleviates muscle protein loss by modulating tlr4 nods akt foxo and mtor signaling pathways in lps challenged piglets |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5544224?pdf=render |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pingkang glutamatealleviatesmuscleproteinlossbymodulatingtlr4nodsaktfoxoandmtorsignalingpathwaysinlpschallengedpiglets AT xiuyingwang glutamatealleviatesmuscleproteinlossbymodulatingtlr4nodsaktfoxoandmtorsignalingpathwaysinlpschallengedpiglets AT huantingwu glutamatealleviatesmuscleproteinlossbymodulatingtlr4nodsaktfoxoandmtorsignalingpathwaysinlpschallengedpiglets AT huilingzhu glutamatealleviatesmuscleproteinlossbymodulatingtlr4nodsaktfoxoandmtorsignalingpathwaysinlpschallengedpiglets AT yongqinghou glutamatealleviatesmuscleproteinlossbymodulatingtlr4nodsaktfoxoandmtorsignalingpathwaysinlpschallengedpiglets AT longmeiwang glutamatealleviatesmuscleproteinlossbymodulatingtlr4nodsaktfoxoandmtorsignalingpathwaysinlpschallengedpiglets AT yulanliu glutamatealleviatesmuscleproteinlossbymodulatingtlr4nodsaktfoxoandmtorsignalingpathwaysinlpschallengedpiglets |