Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers for Robotic Nondestructive Inspection in Harsh Environments
Elevated temperature, gamma radiation, and geometric constraints inside dry storage casks for spent nuclear fuel represent a harsh environment for nondestructive inspection of the cask and require that the inspection be conducted with a robotic system. Electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) us...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/1/193 |
| _version_ | 1811187651153231872 |
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| author | Sungho Choi Hwanjeong Cho Matthew S. Lindsey Cliff J. Lissenden |
| author_facet | Sungho Choi Hwanjeong Cho Matthew S. Lindsey Cliff J. Lissenden |
| author_sort | Sungho Choi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Elevated temperature, gamma radiation, and geometric constraints inside dry storage casks for spent nuclear fuel represent a harsh environment for nondestructive inspection of the cask and require that the inspection be conducted with a robotic system. Electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) using non-contact ultrasonic transduction based on the Lorentz force to excite/receive ultrasonic waves are suited for use in the robotic inspection. Periodic permanent magnet EMATs that actuate/receive shear horizontal guided waves are developed for application to robotic nondestructive inspection of stress corrosion cracks in the heat affected zone of welds in stainless steel dry storage canisters. The EMAT’s components are carefully selected in consideration of the inspection environment, and tested under elevated temperature and gamma radiation doses up to 177 °C and 5920 krad, respectively, to evaluate the performance of the EMATs under realistic environmental conditions. The effect of gamma radiation is minimal, but the EMAT’s performance is affected by temperatures above 121 °C due to the low Curie temperature of the magnets. Different magnets are needed to operate at 177 °C. The EMAT’s capability to detect notches is also evaluated from B-scan measurements on 304 stainless steel welded plate containing surface-breaking notches. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:05:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6afa07f5cfa1421884e7dc174e4f13b9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:05:51Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-6afa07f5cfa1421884e7dc174e4f13b92022-12-22T04:19:53ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202018-01-0118119310.3390/s18010193s18010193Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers for Robotic Nondestructive Inspection in Harsh EnvironmentsSungho Choi0Hwanjeong Cho1Matthew S. Lindsey2Cliff J. Lissenden3School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, KoreaDepartment of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USAApplied Technology Group, Structural Integrity Associates, Inc., State College, PA 16801, USADepartment of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USAElevated temperature, gamma radiation, and geometric constraints inside dry storage casks for spent nuclear fuel represent a harsh environment for nondestructive inspection of the cask and require that the inspection be conducted with a robotic system. Electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) using non-contact ultrasonic transduction based on the Lorentz force to excite/receive ultrasonic waves are suited for use in the robotic inspection. Periodic permanent magnet EMATs that actuate/receive shear horizontal guided waves are developed for application to robotic nondestructive inspection of stress corrosion cracks in the heat affected zone of welds in stainless steel dry storage canisters. The EMAT’s components are carefully selected in consideration of the inspection environment, and tested under elevated temperature and gamma radiation doses up to 177 °C and 5920 krad, respectively, to evaluate the performance of the EMATs under realistic environmental conditions. The effect of gamma radiation is minimal, but the EMAT’s performance is affected by temperatures above 121 °C due to the low Curie temperature of the magnets. Different magnets are needed to operate at 177 °C. The EMAT’s capability to detect notches is also evaluated from B-scan measurements on 304 stainless steel welded plate containing surface-breaking notches.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/1/193electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs)robotic nondestructive inspectionharsh environmentselevated temperaturegamma radiation |
| spellingShingle | Sungho Choi Hwanjeong Cho Matthew S. Lindsey Cliff J. Lissenden Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers for Robotic Nondestructive Inspection in Harsh Environments Sensors electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) robotic nondestructive inspection harsh environments elevated temperature gamma radiation |
| title | Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers for Robotic Nondestructive Inspection in Harsh Environments |
| title_full | Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers for Robotic Nondestructive Inspection in Harsh Environments |
| title_fullStr | Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers for Robotic Nondestructive Inspection in Harsh Environments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers for Robotic Nondestructive Inspection in Harsh Environments |
| title_short | Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers for Robotic Nondestructive Inspection in Harsh Environments |
| title_sort | electromagnetic acoustic transducers for robotic nondestructive inspection in harsh environments |
| topic | electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) robotic nondestructive inspection harsh environments elevated temperature gamma radiation |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/1/193 |
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