Biofilm Formation by Multidrug-Resistant Serotypes of <i>Salmonella</i> Isolated from Fresh Products: Effects of Nutritional and Environmental Conditions
<i>Salmonella</i> serotypes can develop biofilms in fresh food products. This study focused on determining the antimicrobial resistance profile and the effects of different growth media and environmental conditions on biofilm formation by multidrug-resistant serotypes of <i>Salmone...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/8/3581 |
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| author | María-Guadalupe Avila-Novoa Pedro-Javier Guerrero-Medina Velia Navarrete-Sahagún Itzel Gómez-Olmos Noemí-Yolanda Velázquez-Suárez Lucia De la Cruz-Color Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí |
| author_facet | María-Guadalupe Avila-Novoa Pedro-Javier Guerrero-Medina Velia Navarrete-Sahagún Itzel Gómez-Olmos Noemí-Yolanda Velázquez-Suárez Lucia De la Cruz-Color Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí |
| author_sort | María-Guadalupe Avila-Novoa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes can develop biofilms in fresh food products. This study focused on determining the antimicrobial resistance profile and the effects of different growth media and environmental conditions on biofilm formation by multidrug-resistant serotypes of <i>Salmonella</i>. All 49.4% of the <i>Salmonella</i> strains (five serotypes) were multidrug resistant. Assessment of the ability to form biofilms using the crystal violet staining method revealed that 95.6% of the strains of <i>Salmonella</i> were strong biofilm producers in 96-well polystyrene microtiter plates. Overall, 59.3% of the <i>Salmonella</i> strains showed the rdar (red dry and rough colony) morphotype, 2.1% pdar (pink dry and rough colony), 27.4% bdar (brown dry and rough colony) and 10.9% saw (smooth and white colony), at two temperatures (22 and 35 °C). Mono-species biofilms of <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes showed a mean cell density of 8.78 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/cm<sup>2</sup> ± 0.053 in TSBS (1/20 diluted TSB (tryptic soy broth) + 1% strawberry residues) and 8.43 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/cm<sup>2</sup> ± 0.050 in TSBA (1/20 diluted TSB + 1% avocado residues) on polypropylene type B (PP) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, epifluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) enabled visualizing the bacteria and extracellular polymeric substances of biofilms on PP. <i>Salmonella</i> form biofilms depending on the serotype of the strains and the environmental conditions. Mono-species biofilms formed by <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes respond to nutrient limitation with the use of simplified culture media such as TSBA and TSBS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:16:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6b0d5fc716894b6c9972ff95f0df4f0a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:16:27Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-6b0d5fc716894b6c9972ff95f0df4f0a2023-11-21T15:50:54ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-04-01118358110.3390/app11083581Biofilm Formation by Multidrug-Resistant Serotypes of <i>Salmonella</i> Isolated from Fresh Products: Effects of Nutritional and Environmental ConditionsMaría-Guadalupe Avila-Novoa0Pedro-Javier Guerrero-Medina1Velia Navarrete-Sahagún2Itzel Gómez-Olmos3Noemí-Yolanda Velázquez-Suárez4Lucia De la Cruz-Color5Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí6Laboratorio de Microbiología, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Col. Lindavista, Ocotlán 47820, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Col. Lindavista, Ocotlán 47820, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Col. Lindavista, Ocotlán 47820, MexicoLaboratorio de Microbiología, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Col. Lindavista, Ocotlán 47820, MexicoLaboratorio de Microbiología, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Col. Lindavista, Ocotlán 47820, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Col. Lindavista, Ocotlán 47820, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Col. Lindavista, Ocotlán 47820, Mexico<i>Salmonella</i> serotypes can develop biofilms in fresh food products. This study focused on determining the antimicrobial resistance profile and the effects of different growth media and environmental conditions on biofilm formation by multidrug-resistant serotypes of <i>Salmonella</i>. All 49.4% of the <i>Salmonella</i> strains (five serotypes) were multidrug resistant. Assessment of the ability to form biofilms using the crystal violet staining method revealed that 95.6% of the strains of <i>Salmonella</i> were strong biofilm producers in 96-well polystyrene microtiter plates. Overall, 59.3% of the <i>Salmonella</i> strains showed the rdar (red dry and rough colony) morphotype, 2.1% pdar (pink dry and rough colony), 27.4% bdar (brown dry and rough colony) and 10.9% saw (smooth and white colony), at two temperatures (22 and 35 °C). Mono-species biofilms of <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes showed a mean cell density of 8.78 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/cm<sup>2</sup> ± 0.053 in TSBS (1/20 diluted TSB (tryptic soy broth) + 1% strawberry residues) and 8.43 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/cm<sup>2</sup> ± 0.050 in TSBA (1/20 diluted TSB + 1% avocado residues) on polypropylene type B (PP) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, epifluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) enabled visualizing the bacteria and extracellular polymeric substances of biofilms on PP. <i>Salmonella</i> form biofilms depending on the serotype of the strains and the environmental conditions. Mono-species biofilms formed by <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes respond to nutrient limitation with the use of simplified culture media such as TSBA and TSBS.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/8/3581<i>Salmonella</i>serotypesbiofilmorganic matterfood surface contact |
| spellingShingle | María-Guadalupe Avila-Novoa Pedro-Javier Guerrero-Medina Velia Navarrete-Sahagún Itzel Gómez-Olmos Noemí-Yolanda Velázquez-Suárez Lucia De la Cruz-Color Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí Biofilm Formation by Multidrug-Resistant Serotypes of <i>Salmonella</i> Isolated from Fresh Products: Effects of Nutritional and Environmental Conditions Applied Sciences <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes biofilm organic matter food surface contact |
| title | Biofilm Formation by Multidrug-Resistant Serotypes of <i>Salmonella</i> Isolated from Fresh Products: Effects of Nutritional and Environmental Conditions |
| title_full | Biofilm Formation by Multidrug-Resistant Serotypes of <i>Salmonella</i> Isolated from Fresh Products: Effects of Nutritional and Environmental Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Biofilm Formation by Multidrug-Resistant Serotypes of <i>Salmonella</i> Isolated from Fresh Products: Effects of Nutritional and Environmental Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biofilm Formation by Multidrug-Resistant Serotypes of <i>Salmonella</i> Isolated from Fresh Products: Effects of Nutritional and Environmental Conditions |
| title_short | Biofilm Formation by Multidrug-Resistant Serotypes of <i>Salmonella</i> Isolated from Fresh Products: Effects of Nutritional and Environmental Conditions |
| title_sort | biofilm formation by multidrug resistant serotypes of i salmonella i isolated from fresh products effects of nutritional and environmental conditions |
| topic | <i>Salmonella</i> serotypes biofilm organic matter food surface contact |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/8/3581 |
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