LHC optics commissioning: A journey towards 1% optics control
Since 2015 the LHC has been operating at 6.5 TeV. In 2016 the β-functions at the interaction points of ATLAS and CMS were squeezed to 0.4 m. This is below the design β^{*}=0.55 m at 7 TeV, and has been instrumental to surpass the design luminosity of 10^{34} cm^{-2} s^{-1}. Achieving a lower than...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Physical Society
2017-06-01
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| Series: | Physical Review Accelerators and Beams |
| Online Access: | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.20.061002 |
| _version_ | 1819262035987267584 |
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| author | T. Persson F. Carlier J. Coello de Portugal A. Garcia-Tabares Valdivieso A. Langner E. H. Maclean L. Malina P. Skowronski B. Salvant R. Tomás A. C. García Bonilla |
| author_facet | T. Persson F. Carlier J. Coello de Portugal A. Garcia-Tabares Valdivieso A. Langner E. H. Maclean L. Malina P. Skowronski B. Salvant R. Tomás A. C. García Bonilla |
| author_sort | T. Persson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since 2015 the LHC has been operating at 6.5 TeV. In 2016 the β-functions at the interaction points of ATLAS and CMS were squeezed to 0.4 m. This is below the design β^{*}=0.55 m at 7 TeV, and has been instrumental to surpass the design luminosity of 10^{34} cm^{-2} s^{-1}. Achieving a lower than nominal β^{*} has been possible thanks to the extraordinary performance of the LHC, in which the control of the optics has played a fundamental role. Even though the β-beating for the virgin machine was above 100%, corrections reduced the rms β-beating below 1% at the two main experiments and below 2% rms around the ring. This guarantees a safe operation as well as providing equal amount of luminosity for the two experiments. In this article we describe the recent improvements to the measurement, correction algorithms and technical equipment which allowed this unprecedented control of the optics for a high-energy hadron collider. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T19:51:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6b1de29b7e594532bf50086db5a02292 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2469-9888 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T19:51:18Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
| publisher | American Physical Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physical Review Accelerators and Beams |
| spelling | doaj.art-6b1de29b7e594532bf50086db5a022922022-12-21T17:33:23ZengAmerican Physical SocietyPhysical Review Accelerators and Beams2469-98882017-06-0120606100210.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.20.061002LHC optics commissioning: A journey towards 1% optics controlT. PerssonF. CarlierJ. Coello de PortugalA. Garcia-Tabares ValdiviesoA. LangnerE. H. MacleanL. MalinaP. SkowronskiB. SalvantR. TomásA. C. García BonillaSince 2015 the LHC has been operating at 6.5 TeV. In 2016 the β-functions at the interaction points of ATLAS and CMS were squeezed to 0.4 m. This is below the design β^{*}=0.55 m at 7 TeV, and has been instrumental to surpass the design luminosity of 10^{34} cm^{-2} s^{-1}. Achieving a lower than nominal β^{*} has been possible thanks to the extraordinary performance of the LHC, in which the control of the optics has played a fundamental role. Even though the β-beating for the virgin machine was above 100%, corrections reduced the rms β-beating below 1% at the two main experiments and below 2% rms around the ring. This guarantees a safe operation as well as providing equal amount of luminosity for the two experiments. In this article we describe the recent improvements to the measurement, correction algorithms and technical equipment which allowed this unprecedented control of the optics for a high-energy hadron collider.http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.20.061002 |
| spellingShingle | T. Persson F. Carlier J. Coello de Portugal A. Garcia-Tabares Valdivieso A. Langner E. H. Maclean L. Malina P. Skowronski B. Salvant R. Tomás A. C. García Bonilla LHC optics commissioning: A journey towards 1% optics control Physical Review Accelerators and Beams |
| title | LHC optics commissioning: A journey towards 1% optics control |
| title_full | LHC optics commissioning: A journey towards 1% optics control |
| title_fullStr | LHC optics commissioning: A journey towards 1% optics control |
| title_full_unstemmed | LHC optics commissioning: A journey towards 1% optics control |
| title_short | LHC optics commissioning: A journey towards 1% optics control |
| title_sort | lhc optics commissioning a journey towards 1 optics control |
| url | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.20.061002 |
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