Virome and metagenomic analysis reveal the distinct distribution of microbiota in human fetal gut during gestation
Studies have shown that fetal immune cell activation may result from potential exposure to microbes, although the presence of microbes in fetus has been a controversial topic. Here, we combined metagenomic and virome techniques to investigate the presence of bacteria and viruses in fetal tissues (sm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1079294/full |
| _version_ | 1828070894141964288 |
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| author | Xu Liu Xu Liu Guolin He Guolin He Yue Lan Weijie Guo Xuyuan Liu Jing Li Anqing Liu Miao He Xinhui Liu Xinhui Liu Zhenxin Fan Zhenxin Fan Yaoyao Zhang Yaoyao Zhang |
| author_facet | Xu Liu Xu Liu Guolin He Guolin He Yue Lan Weijie Guo Xuyuan Liu Jing Li Anqing Liu Miao He Xinhui Liu Xinhui Liu Zhenxin Fan Zhenxin Fan Yaoyao Zhang Yaoyao Zhang |
| author_sort | Xu Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Studies have shown that fetal immune cell activation may result from potential exposure to microbes, although the presence of microbes in fetus has been a controversial topic. Here, we combined metagenomic and virome techniques to investigate the presence of bacteria and viruses in fetal tissues (small intestine, cecum, and rectum). We found that the fetal gut is not a sterile environment and has a low abundance but metabolically rich microbiome. Specifically, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacteria phyla of fetal gut. In total, 700 species viruses were detected, and Human betaherpesvirus 5 was the most abundant eukaryotic viruses. Especially, we first identified Methanobrevibacter smithii in fetal gut. Through the comparison with adults’ gut microbiota we found that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes gradually became the main force of gut microbiota during the process of growth and development. Interestingly, 6 antibiotic resistance genes were shared by the fetus and adults. Our results indicate the presence of microbes in the fetal gut and demonstrate the diversity of bacteria, archaea and viruses, which provide support for the studies related to early fetal immunity. This study further explores the specific composition of viruses in the fetal gut and the similarities between fetal and adults’ gut microbiota, which is valuable for understanding human fetal immunity development during gestation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:44:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6b48164d30d7476ea211f156f5743ab3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:44:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6b48164d30d7476ea211f156f5743ab32023-01-05T18:05:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-01-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.10792941079294Virome and metagenomic analysis reveal the distinct distribution of microbiota in human fetal gut during gestationXu Liu0Xu Liu1Guolin He2Guolin He3Yue Lan4Weijie Guo5Xuyuan Liu6Jing Li7Anqing Liu8Miao He9Xinhui Liu10Xinhui Liu11Zhenxin Fan12Zhenxin Fan13Yaoyao Zhang14Yaoyao Zhang15Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaInstitute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaInstitute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaStudies have shown that fetal immune cell activation may result from potential exposure to microbes, although the presence of microbes in fetus has been a controversial topic. Here, we combined metagenomic and virome techniques to investigate the presence of bacteria and viruses in fetal tissues (small intestine, cecum, and rectum). We found that the fetal gut is not a sterile environment and has a low abundance but metabolically rich microbiome. Specifically, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacteria phyla of fetal gut. In total, 700 species viruses were detected, and Human betaherpesvirus 5 was the most abundant eukaryotic viruses. Especially, we first identified Methanobrevibacter smithii in fetal gut. Through the comparison with adults’ gut microbiota we found that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes gradually became the main force of gut microbiota during the process of growth and development. Interestingly, 6 antibiotic resistance genes were shared by the fetus and adults. Our results indicate the presence of microbes in the fetal gut and demonstrate the diversity of bacteria, archaea and viruses, which provide support for the studies related to early fetal immunity. This study further explores the specific composition of viruses in the fetal gut and the similarities between fetal and adults’ gut microbiota, which is valuable for understanding human fetal immunity development during gestation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1079294/fullfetal gut microbiotametagenomicsviromearchaeaimmunitygestation |
| spellingShingle | Xu Liu Xu Liu Guolin He Guolin He Yue Lan Weijie Guo Xuyuan Liu Jing Li Anqing Liu Miao He Xinhui Liu Xinhui Liu Zhenxin Fan Zhenxin Fan Yaoyao Zhang Yaoyao Zhang Virome and metagenomic analysis reveal the distinct distribution of microbiota in human fetal gut during gestation Frontiers in Immunology fetal gut microbiota metagenomics virome archaea immunity gestation |
| title | Virome and metagenomic analysis reveal the distinct distribution of microbiota in human fetal gut during gestation |
| title_full | Virome and metagenomic analysis reveal the distinct distribution of microbiota in human fetal gut during gestation |
| title_fullStr | Virome and metagenomic analysis reveal the distinct distribution of microbiota in human fetal gut during gestation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Virome and metagenomic analysis reveal the distinct distribution of microbiota in human fetal gut during gestation |
| title_short | Virome and metagenomic analysis reveal the distinct distribution of microbiota in human fetal gut during gestation |
| title_sort | virome and metagenomic analysis reveal the distinct distribution of microbiota in human fetal gut during gestation |
| topic | fetal gut microbiota metagenomics virome archaea immunity gestation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1079294/full |
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