Multivariable Signal Processing for Characterization of Failure Modes in Thin-Ply Hybrid Laminates Using Acoustic Emission Sensors
The aim of this study was to find the correlation between failure modes and acoustic emission (AE) events in a comprehensive range of thin-ply pseudo-ductile hybrid composite laminates when loaded under uniaxial tension. The investigated hybrid laminates were Unidirectional (UD), Quasi-Isotropic (QI...
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| Médium: | Článek |
| Jazyk: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Edice: | Sensors |
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| On-line přístup: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5244 |
| _version_ | 1827739133312761856 |
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| author | Sakineh Fotouhi Maher Assaad Mohamed Nasor Ahmed Imran Akram Ashames Mohammad Fotouhi |
| author_facet | Sakineh Fotouhi Maher Assaad Mohamed Nasor Ahmed Imran Akram Ashames Mohammad Fotouhi |
| author_sort | Sakineh Fotouhi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to find the correlation between failure modes and acoustic emission (AE) events in a comprehensive range of thin-ply pseudo-ductile hybrid composite laminates when loaded under uniaxial tension. The investigated hybrid laminates were Unidirectional (UD), Quasi-Isotropic (QI) and open-hole QI configurations composed of S-glass and several thin carbon prepregs. The laminates exhibited stress-strain responses that follow the elastic-yielding-hardening pattern commonly observed in ductile metals. The laminates experienced different sizes of gradual failure modes of carbon ply fragmentation and dispersed delamination. To analyze the correlation between these failure modes and AE signals, a multivariable clustering method was employed using Gaussian mixture model. The clustering results and visual observations were used to determine two AE clusters, corresponding to fragmentation and delamination modes, with high amplitude, energy, and duration signals linked to fragmentation. In contrast to the common belief, there was no correlation between the high frequency signals and the carbon fibre fragmentation. The multivariable AE analysis was able to identify fibre fracture and delamination and their sequence. However, the quantitative assessment of these failure modes was influenced by the nature of failure that depends on various factors, such as stacking sequence, material properties, energy release rate, and geometry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:56:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6b51ed07c56a4b9d8b7032ca048accd7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:56:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-6b51ed07c56a4b9d8b7032ca048accd72023-11-18T08:34:31ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-05-012311524410.3390/s23115244Multivariable Signal Processing for Characterization of Failure Modes in Thin-Ply Hybrid Laminates Using Acoustic Emission SensorsSakineh Fotouhi0Maher Assaad1Mohamed Nasor2Ahmed Imran3Akram Ashames4Mohammad Fotouhi5School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and IT, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and IT, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and IT, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab EmiratesCollege of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab EmiratesFaculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The NetherlandsThe aim of this study was to find the correlation between failure modes and acoustic emission (AE) events in a comprehensive range of thin-ply pseudo-ductile hybrid composite laminates when loaded under uniaxial tension. The investigated hybrid laminates were Unidirectional (UD), Quasi-Isotropic (QI) and open-hole QI configurations composed of S-glass and several thin carbon prepregs. The laminates exhibited stress-strain responses that follow the elastic-yielding-hardening pattern commonly observed in ductile metals. The laminates experienced different sizes of gradual failure modes of carbon ply fragmentation and dispersed delamination. To analyze the correlation between these failure modes and AE signals, a multivariable clustering method was employed using Gaussian mixture model. The clustering results and visual observations were used to determine two AE clusters, corresponding to fragmentation and delamination modes, with high amplitude, energy, and duration signals linked to fragmentation. In contrast to the common belief, there was no correlation between the high frequency signals and the carbon fibre fragmentation. The multivariable AE analysis was able to identify fibre fracture and delamination and their sequence. However, the quantitative assessment of these failure modes was influenced by the nature of failure that depends on various factors, such as stacking sequence, material properties, energy release rate, and geometry.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5244multivariable analysisacoustic emissionfragmentationcarbon/glass hybrids |
| spellingShingle | Sakineh Fotouhi Maher Assaad Mohamed Nasor Ahmed Imran Akram Ashames Mohammad Fotouhi Multivariable Signal Processing for Characterization of Failure Modes in Thin-Ply Hybrid Laminates Using Acoustic Emission Sensors Sensors multivariable analysis acoustic emission fragmentation carbon/glass hybrids |
| title | Multivariable Signal Processing for Characterization of Failure Modes in Thin-Ply Hybrid Laminates Using Acoustic Emission Sensors |
| title_full | Multivariable Signal Processing for Characterization of Failure Modes in Thin-Ply Hybrid Laminates Using Acoustic Emission Sensors |
| title_fullStr | Multivariable Signal Processing for Characterization of Failure Modes in Thin-Ply Hybrid Laminates Using Acoustic Emission Sensors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multivariable Signal Processing for Characterization of Failure Modes in Thin-Ply Hybrid Laminates Using Acoustic Emission Sensors |
| title_short | Multivariable Signal Processing for Characterization of Failure Modes in Thin-Ply Hybrid Laminates Using Acoustic Emission Sensors |
| title_sort | multivariable signal processing for characterization of failure modes in thin ply hybrid laminates using acoustic emission sensors |
| topic | multivariable analysis acoustic emission fragmentation carbon/glass hybrids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5244 |
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