Surviving on the edge: present and future effects of climate warming on the common frog (Rana temporaria) population in the Montseny massif (NE Iberia)
The Montseny massif shelters the southernmost western populations of common frogs (Rana temporaria) that live in a Mediterranean climate, one which poses a challenge for the species’ persistence in a scenario of rising temperatures. We evaluated the effect of climate change at three levels. First, w...
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| Format: | Article |
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PeerJ Inc.
2023-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/14527.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797413183241060352 |
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| author | Albert Montori Fèlix Amat |
| author_facet | Albert Montori Fèlix Amat |
| author_sort | Albert Montori |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Montseny massif shelters the southernmost western populations of common frogs (Rana temporaria) that live in a Mediterranean climate, one which poses a challenge for the species’ persistence in a scenario of rising temperatures. We evaluated the effect of climate change at three levels. First, we analysed if there has been an advancement in the onset of spawning period due to the increase in temperatures. Second, we analysed the impact of climatic variables on the onset of the spawning period and, third, how the distribution of this species could vary according to the predictions with regard to rising temperatures for the end of this century. From 2009 to 2021, we found there had been an increase in temperatures of 0.439 °C/decade, more than the 0.1 °C indicated by estimates for the second half of the previous century. We found an advancement in the onset of the reproduction process of 26 days/decade for the period 2009–2022, a change that has been even more marked during the last eight years, when data were annually recorded. Minimum temperatures and the absence of frost days in the week prior to the onset of the spawning period determine the start of reproduction. Predictions on habitat availability for spawning provided by climatic niche analysis for the period 2021–2100 show a potential contraction of the species range in the Montseny and, remarkably, much isolation from the neighbouring populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:13:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6b56aa4a00d24b84ad1fd0fb2423b150 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:13:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-6b56aa4a00d24b84ad1fd0fb2423b1502023-12-03T12:47:06ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592023-01-0111e1452710.7717/peerj.14527Surviving on the edge: present and future effects of climate warming on the common frog (Rana temporaria) population in the Montseny massif (NE Iberia)Albert Montori0Fèlix Amat1Herpetology, Centre de Recerca i Estudis Ambientals de Calafell (CREAC/GRENP), Calafell, Catalonia, SpainHerpetological Section (BiBIO), Natural History Museum of Granollers, Granollers, Catalonia, SpainThe Montseny massif shelters the southernmost western populations of common frogs (Rana temporaria) that live in a Mediterranean climate, one which poses a challenge for the species’ persistence in a scenario of rising temperatures. We evaluated the effect of climate change at three levels. First, we analysed if there has been an advancement in the onset of spawning period due to the increase in temperatures. Second, we analysed the impact of climatic variables on the onset of the spawning period and, third, how the distribution of this species could vary according to the predictions with regard to rising temperatures for the end of this century. From 2009 to 2021, we found there had been an increase in temperatures of 0.439 °C/decade, more than the 0.1 °C indicated by estimates for the second half of the previous century. We found an advancement in the onset of the reproduction process of 26 days/decade for the period 2009–2022, a change that has been even more marked during the last eight years, when data were annually recorded. Minimum temperatures and the absence of frost days in the week prior to the onset of the spawning period determine the start of reproduction. Predictions on habitat availability for spawning provided by climatic niche analysis for the period 2021–2100 show a potential contraction of the species range in the Montseny and, remarkably, much isolation from the neighbouring populations.https://peerj.com/articles/14527.pdfClimate changeRana temporariaPhenologyHabitat suitabilityOnset spawningMontseny N. Park |
| spellingShingle | Albert Montori Fèlix Amat Surviving on the edge: present and future effects of climate warming on the common frog (Rana temporaria) population in the Montseny massif (NE Iberia) PeerJ Climate change Rana temporaria Phenology Habitat suitability Onset spawning Montseny N. Park |
| title | Surviving on the edge: present and future effects of climate warming on the common frog (Rana temporaria) population in the Montseny massif (NE Iberia) |
| title_full | Surviving on the edge: present and future effects of climate warming on the common frog (Rana temporaria) population in the Montseny massif (NE Iberia) |
| title_fullStr | Surviving on the edge: present and future effects of climate warming on the common frog (Rana temporaria) population in the Montseny massif (NE Iberia) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Surviving on the edge: present and future effects of climate warming on the common frog (Rana temporaria) population in the Montseny massif (NE Iberia) |
| title_short | Surviving on the edge: present and future effects of climate warming on the common frog (Rana temporaria) population in the Montseny massif (NE Iberia) |
| title_sort | surviving on the edge present and future effects of climate warming on the common frog rana temporaria population in the montseny massif ne iberia |
| topic | Climate change Rana temporaria Phenology Habitat suitability Onset spawning Montseny N. Park |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/14527.pdf |
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