Enhancement of carotenoid production by disrupting the C22-sterol desaturase gene (<it>CYP61</it>) in <it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it>
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it> is a basidiomycetous yeast that synthesizes astaxanthin, which is a carotenoid with a great biotechnological impact. The ergosterol and carotenoid synthesis pathways are derived from...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2012-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/12/235 |
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| author | Loto Iris Gutiérrez María Soledad Barahona Salvador Sepúlveda Dionisia Martínez-Moya Pilar Baeza Marcelo Cifuentes Víctor Alcaíno Jennifer |
| author_facet | Loto Iris Gutiérrez María Soledad Barahona Salvador Sepúlveda Dionisia Martínez-Moya Pilar Baeza Marcelo Cifuentes Víctor Alcaíno Jennifer |
| author_sort | Loto Iris |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it> is a basidiomycetous yeast that synthesizes astaxanthin, which is a carotenoid with a great biotechnological impact. The ergosterol and carotenoid synthesis pathways are derived from the mevalonate pathway, and in both pathways, cytochrome P450 enzymes are involved.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study, we isolated and described the <it>X. dendrorhous CYP61</it> gene, which encodes a cytochrome P450 involved in ergosterol biosynthesis. This gene is composed of nine exons and encodes a 526 amino acid polypeptide that shares significant percentages of identity and similitude with the C22-sterol desaturase, CYP61, from other fungi. Mutants derived from different parental strains were obtained by disrupting the <it>CYP61</it> gene with an antibiotic selection marker. These mutants were not able to produce ergosterol and accumulated ergosta-5,8,22-trien-3-ol and ergosta-5,8-dien-3-ol. Interestingly, all of the mutants had a more intense red color phenotype than their respective parental strains. The carotenoid composition was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by RP-HPLC, revealing that the carotenoid content was higher in the mutant strains without major changes in their composition. The expression of the <it>HMGR</it> gene, which encodes an enzyme involved in the mevalonate pathway (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase), was analyzed by RT-qPCR showing that its transcript levels are higher in the <it>CYP61</it> mutants.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results suggest that in <it>X. dendrorhous</it>, ergosterol regulates <it>HMGR</it> gene expression by a negative feedback mechanism and in this way; it contributes in the regulation of the carotenoid biosynthesis.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T08:11:03Z |
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| id | doaj.art-6b62685a671548ccae2034f0958c7063 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2180 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T08:11:03Z |
| publishDate | 2012-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-6b62685a671548ccae2034f0958c70632022-12-22T02:04:34ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802012-10-0112123510.1186/1471-2180-12-235Enhancement of carotenoid production by disrupting the C22-sterol desaturase gene (<it>CYP61</it>) in <it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it>Loto IrisGutiérrez María SoledadBarahona SalvadorSepúlveda DionisiaMartínez-Moya PilarBaeza MarceloCifuentes VíctorAlcaíno Jennifer<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it> is a basidiomycetous yeast that synthesizes astaxanthin, which is a carotenoid with a great biotechnological impact. The ergosterol and carotenoid synthesis pathways are derived from the mevalonate pathway, and in both pathways, cytochrome P450 enzymes are involved.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study, we isolated and described the <it>X. dendrorhous CYP61</it> gene, which encodes a cytochrome P450 involved in ergosterol biosynthesis. This gene is composed of nine exons and encodes a 526 amino acid polypeptide that shares significant percentages of identity and similitude with the C22-sterol desaturase, CYP61, from other fungi. Mutants derived from different parental strains were obtained by disrupting the <it>CYP61</it> gene with an antibiotic selection marker. These mutants were not able to produce ergosterol and accumulated ergosta-5,8,22-trien-3-ol and ergosta-5,8-dien-3-ol. Interestingly, all of the mutants had a more intense red color phenotype than their respective parental strains. The carotenoid composition was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by RP-HPLC, revealing that the carotenoid content was higher in the mutant strains without major changes in their composition. The expression of the <it>HMGR</it> gene, which encodes an enzyme involved in the mevalonate pathway (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase), was analyzed by RT-qPCR showing that its transcript levels are higher in the <it>CYP61</it> mutants.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results suggest that in <it>X. dendrorhous</it>, ergosterol regulates <it>HMGR</it> gene expression by a negative feedback mechanism and in this way; it contributes in the regulation of the carotenoid biosynthesis.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/12/235<it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it>AstaxanthinErgosterolSterol C22-sterol desaturaseCytochrome P450 |
| spellingShingle | Loto Iris Gutiérrez María Soledad Barahona Salvador Sepúlveda Dionisia Martínez-Moya Pilar Baeza Marcelo Cifuentes Víctor Alcaíno Jennifer Enhancement of carotenoid production by disrupting the C22-sterol desaturase gene (<it>CYP61</it>) in <it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it> BMC Microbiology <it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it> Astaxanthin Ergosterol Sterol C22-sterol desaturase Cytochrome P450 |
| title | Enhancement of carotenoid production by disrupting the C22-sterol desaturase gene (<it>CYP61</it>) in <it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it> |
| title_full | Enhancement of carotenoid production by disrupting the C22-sterol desaturase gene (<it>CYP61</it>) in <it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it> |
| title_fullStr | Enhancement of carotenoid production by disrupting the C22-sterol desaturase gene (<it>CYP61</it>) in <it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancement of carotenoid production by disrupting the C22-sterol desaturase gene (<it>CYP61</it>) in <it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it> |
| title_short | Enhancement of carotenoid production by disrupting the C22-sterol desaturase gene (<it>CYP61</it>) in <it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it> |
| title_sort | enhancement of carotenoid production by disrupting the c22 sterol desaturase gene it cyp61 it in it xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous it |
| topic | <it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</it> Astaxanthin Ergosterol Sterol C22-sterol desaturase Cytochrome P450 |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/12/235 |
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