UV Stimulated Manganese Dioxide for the Persulfate Catalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A
One of the most commonly produced industrial chemicals worldwide, bisphenol A (BPA), is used as a precursor in plastics, resins, paints, and many other materials. It has been proved that BPA can cause long-term adverse effects on ecosystems and human health due to its toxicity as an endocrine disrup...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/4/502 |
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| author | Guihua Dong Bing Chen Bo Liu Stanislav R. Stoyanov Yiqi Cao Min Yang Baiyu Zhang |
| author_facet | Guihua Dong Bing Chen Bo Liu Stanislav R. Stoyanov Yiqi Cao Min Yang Baiyu Zhang |
| author_sort | Guihua Dong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | One of the most commonly produced industrial chemicals worldwide, bisphenol A (BPA), is used as a precursor in plastics, resins, paints, and many other materials. It has been proved that BPA can cause long-term adverse effects on ecosystems and human health due to its toxicity as an endocrine disruptor. In this study, we developed an integrated MnO<sub>2</sub>/UV/persulfate (PS) process for use in BPA photocatalytic degradation from water and examined the reaction mechanisms, degradation pathways, and toxicity reduction. Comparative tests using MnO<sub>2</sub>, PS, UV, UV/MnO<sub>2</sub>, MnO<sub>2</sub>/PS, and UV/PS processes were conducted under the same conditions to investigate the mechanism of BPA catalytic degradation by the proposed MnO<sub>2</sub>/UV/PS process. The best performance was observed in the MnO<sub>2</sub>/UV/PS process in which BPA was completely removed in 30 min with a reduction rate of over 90% for total organic carbon after 2 h. This process also showed a stable removal efficiency with a large variation of pH levels (3.6 to 10.0). Kinetic analysis suggested that <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>•</sup><sup>−</sup> played more critical roles than •OH for BPA degradation. Infrared spectra showed that UV irradiation could stimulate the generation of –OH groups on the MnO<sub>2</sub> photocatalyst surface, facilitating the PS catalytic degradation of BPA in this process. The degradation pathways were further proposed in five steps, and thirteen intermediates were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The acute toxicity was analyzed during the treatment, showing a slight increase (by 3.3%) in the first 30 min and then a decrease by four-fold over 2 h. These findings help elucidate the mechanism and pathways of BPA degradation and provide an effective PS catalytic strategy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:17:20Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:17:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
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| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-6b8093c2ce314b808744243f7c764ff62023-11-21T15:47:46ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442021-04-0111450210.3390/catal11040502UV Stimulated Manganese Dioxide for the Persulfate Catalytic Degradation of Bisphenol AGuihua Dong0Bing Chen1Bo Liu2Stanislav R. Stoyanov3Yiqi Cao4Min Yang5Baiyu Zhang6Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, CanadaNorthern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, CanadaNorthern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, CanadaNatural Resources Canada, CanmetENERGY Devon, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, AB T9G 1A8, CanadaNorthern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, CanadaNorthern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, CanadaNorthern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, CanadaOne of the most commonly produced industrial chemicals worldwide, bisphenol A (BPA), is used as a precursor in plastics, resins, paints, and many other materials. It has been proved that BPA can cause long-term adverse effects on ecosystems and human health due to its toxicity as an endocrine disruptor. In this study, we developed an integrated MnO<sub>2</sub>/UV/persulfate (PS) process for use in BPA photocatalytic degradation from water and examined the reaction mechanisms, degradation pathways, and toxicity reduction. Comparative tests using MnO<sub>2</sub>, PS, UV, UV/MnO<sub>2</sub>, MnO<sub>2</sub>/PS, and UV/PS processes were conducted under the same conditions to investigate the mechanism of BPA catalytic degradation by the proposed MnO<sub>2</sub>/UV/PS process. The best performance was observed in the MnO<sub>2</sub>/UV/PS process in which BPA was completely removed in 30 min with a reduction rate of over 90% for total organic carbon after 2 h. This process also showed a stable removal efficiency with a large variation of pH levels (3.6 to 10.0). Kinetic analysis suggested that <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>•</sup><sup>−</sup> played more critical roles than •OH for BPA degradation. Infrared spectra showed that UV irradiation could stimulate the generation of –OH groups on the MnO<sub>2</sub> photocatalyst surface, facilitating the PS catalytic degradation of BPA in this process. The degradation pathways were further proposed in five steps, and thirteen intermediates were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The acute toxicity was analyzed during the treatment, showing a slight increase (by 3.3%) in the first 30 min and then a decrease by four-fold over 2 h. These findings help elucidate the mechanism and pathways of BPA degradation and provide an effective PS catalytic strategy.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/4/502BPAUV stimulated MnO<sub>2</sub>photocatalytic degradationsynergistic effectpathwaystoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Guihua Dong Bing Chen Bo Liu Stanislav R. Stoyanov Yiqi Cao Min Yang Baiyu Zhang UV Stimulated Manganese Dioxide for the Persulfate Catalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A Catalysts BPA UV stimulated MnO<sub>2</sub> photocatalytic degradation synergistic effect pathways toxicity |
| title | UV Stimulated Manganese Dioxide for the Persulfate Catalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A |
| title_full | UV Stimulated Manganese Dioxide for the Persulfate Catalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A |
| title_fullStr | UV Stimulated Manganese Dioxide for the Persulfate Catalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A |
| title_full_unstemmed | UV Stimulated Manganese Dioxide for the Persulfate Catalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A |
| title_short | UV Stimulated Manganese Dioxide for the Persulfate Catalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A |
| title_sort | uv stimulated manganese dioxide for the persulfate catalytic degradation of bisphenol a |
| topic | BPA UV stimulated MnO<sub>2</sub> photocatalytic degradation synergistic effect pathways toxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/4/502 |
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