Novel Colloidal Nanocarrier of Cetylpyridinium Chloride: Antifungal Activities on <i>Candida</i> Species and Cytotoxic Potential on Murine Fibroblasts
Nanocarriers have been used as alternative tools to overcome the resistance of <i>Candida</i> species to conventional treatments. This study prepared a nanocarrier of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) using iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) conjugated with chitosan (CS), and assessed its ant...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/6/4/218 |
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| author | Heitor Ceolin Araujo Laís Salomão Arias Anne Caroline Morais Caldeirão Lanay Caroline de Freitas Assumpção Marcela Grigoletto Morceli Francisco Nunes de Souza Neto Emerson Rodrigues de Camargo Sandra Helena Penha Oliveira Juliano Pelim Pessan Douglas Roberto Monteiro |
| author_facet | Heitor Ceolin Araujo Laís Salomão Arias Anne Caroline Morais Caldeirão Lanay Caroline de Freitas Assumpção Marcela Grigoletto Morceli Francisco Nunes de Souza Neto Emerson Rodrigues de Camargo Sandra Helena Penha Oliveira Juliano Pelim Pessan Douglas Roberto Monteiro |
| author_sort | Heitor Ceolin Araujo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanocarriers have been used as alternative tools to overcome the resistance of <i>Candida</i> species to conventional treatments. This study prepared a nanocarrier of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) using iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) conjugated with chitosan (CS), and assessed its antifungal and cytotoxic effects. CPC was immobilized on CS-coated IONPs, and the nanocarrier was physico-chemically characterized. Antifungal effects were determined on planktonic cells of <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Candida glabrata</i> (by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays) and on single- and dual-species biofilms of these strains (by quantification of cultivable cells, total biomass and metabolic activity). Murine fibroblasts were exposed to different concentrations of the nanocarrier, and the cytotoxic effect was evaluated by MTT reduction assay. Characterization methods confirmed the presence of a nanocarrier smaller than 313 nm. IONPs-CS-CPC and free CPC showed the same MIC values (0.78 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>). CPC-containing nanocarrier at 78 µg mL<sup>−1</sup> significantly reduced the number of cultivable cells for all biofilms, surpassing the effect promoted by free CPC. For total biomass, metabolic activity, and cytotoxic effects, the nanocarrier and free CPC produced statistically similar outcomes. In conclusion, the IONPs-CS-CPC nanocarrier was more effective than CPC in reducing the cultivable cells of <i>Candida</i> biofilms without increasing the cytotoxic effects of CPC, and may be a useful tool for the treatment of oral fungal infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:43:26Z |
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| id | doaj.art-6b8420d154f146bfbe5411014da925db |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:43:26Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-6b8420d154f146bfbe5411014da925db2023-11-20T16:40:14ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2020-10-016421810.3390/jof6040218Novel Colloidal Nanocarrier of Cetylpyridinium Chloride: Antifungal Activities on <i>Candida</i> Species and Cytotoxic Potential on Murine FibroblastsHeitor Ceolin Araujo0Laís Salomão Arias1Anne Caroline Morais Caldeirão2Lanay Caroline de Freitas Assumpção3Marcela Grigoletto Morceli4Francisco Nunes de Souza Neto5Emerson Rodrigues de Camargo6Sandra Helena Penha Oliveira7Juliano Pelim Pessan8Douglas Roberto Monteiro9Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba SP 16015-050, BrazilDepartment of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba SP 16015-050, BrazilGraduate Program in Dentistry (GPD—Master’s Degree), University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente SP 19050-920, BrazilSchool of Dentistry, Presidente Prudente, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente SP 19050-920, BrazilSchool of Dentistry, Presidente Prudente, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente SP 19050-920, BrazilDepartment of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba SP 16015-050, BrazilDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos SP 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba SP 16015-050, BrazilDepartment of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba SP 16015-050, BrazilGraduate Program in Dentistry (GPD—Master’s Degree), University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente SP 19050-920, BrazilNanocarriers have been used as alternative tools to overcome the resistance of <i>Candida</i> species to conventional treatments. This study prepared a nanocarrier of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) using iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) conjugated with chitosan (CS), and assessed its antifungal and cytotoxic effects. CPC was immobilized on CS-coated IONPs, and the nanocarrier was physico-chemically characterized. Antifungal effects were determined on planktonic cells of <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Candida glabrata</i> (by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays) and on single- and dual-species biofilms of these strains (by quantification of cultivable cells, total biomass and metabolic activity). Murine fibroblasts were exposed to different concentrations of the nanocarrier, and the cytotoxic effect was evaluated by MTT reduction assay. Characterization methods confirmed the presence of a nanocarrier smaller than 313 nm. IONPs-CS-CPC and free CPC showed the same MIC values (0.78 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>). CPC-containing nanocarrier at 78 µg mL<sup>−1</sup> significantly reduced the number of cultivable cells for all biofilms, surpassing the effect promoted by free CPC. For total biomass, metabolic activity, and cytotoxic effects, the nanocarrier and free CPC produced statistically similar outcomes. In conclusion, the IONPs-CS-CPC nanocarrier was more effective than CPC in reducing the cultivable cells of <i>Candida</i> biofilms without increasing the cytotoxic effects of CPC, and may be a useful tool for the treatment of oral fungal infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/6/4/218antifungal agentsbiofilms<i>Candida albicans</i><i>Candida glabrata</i>cetylpyridinium chloridechitosan |
| spellingShingle | Heitor Ceolin Araujo Laís Salomão Arias Anne Caroline Morais Caldeirão Lanay Caroline de Freitas Assumpção Marcela Grigoletto Morceli Francisco Nunes de Souza Neto Emerson Rodrigues de Camargo Sandra Helena Penha Oliveira Juliano Pelim Pessan Douglas Roberto Monteiro Novel Colloidal Nanocarrier of Cetylpyridinium Chloride: Antifungal Activities on <i>Candida</i> Species and Cytotoxic Potential on Murine Fibroblasts Journal of Fungi antifungal agents biofilms <i>Candida albicans</i> <i>Candida glabrata</i> cetylpyridinium chloride chitosan |
| title | Novel Colloidal Nanocarrier of Cetylpyridinium Chloride: Antifungal Activities on <i>Candida</i> Species and Cytotoxic Potential on Murine Fibroblasts |
| title_full | Novel Colloidal Nanocarrier of Cetylpyridinium Chloride: Antifungal Activities on <i>Candida</i> Species and Cytotoxic Potential on Murine Fibroblasts |
| title_fullStr | Novel Colloidal Nanocarrier of Cetylpyridinium Chloride: Antifungal Activities on <i>Candida</i> Species and Cytotoxic Potential on Murine Fibroblasts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Novel Colloidal Nanocarrier of Cetylpyridinium Chloride: Antifungal Activities on <i>Candida</i> Species and Cytotoxic Potential on Murine Fibroblasts |
| title_short | Novel Colloidal Nanocarrier of Cetylpyridinium Chloride: Antifungal Activities on <i>Candida</i> Species and Cytotoxic Potential on Murine Fibroblasts |
| title_sort | novel colloidal nanocarrier of cetylpyridinium chloride antifungal activities on i candida i species and cytotoxic potential on murine fibroblasts |
| topic | antifungal agents biofilms <i>Candida albicans</i> <i>Candida glabrata</i> cetylpyridinium chloride chitosan |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/6/4/218 |
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