COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (uptake, hesitancy, intention to receive and timeliness of the intention to receive) and the determinants among health workers in Ebonyi state, Nigeria: an analytical cross-sectional study
Objectives Health workers are at particular risk of contracting the COVID-19. However, non-acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination has been a noticeable challenge the world over and in Nigeria where supply constraints have also been an issue. We evaluated COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (the uptake, hesi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2023-07-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/13/7/e068668.full |
| _version_ | 1797745337314574336 |
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| author | Ugwu I Omale Osarhiemen Iyare Richard L Ewah Chidinma I Amuzie Onyinyechukwu U Oka Victor U Uduma Azuka S Adeke Cordis O Ikegwuonu Olaedo O Nnachi Okechukwu O Ukpabi Ifeyinwa M Okeke Glory E Nkwo Ugochi I A Nwali |
| author_facet | Ugwu I Omale Osarhiemen Iyare Richard L Ewah Chidinma I Amuzie Onyinyechukwu U Oka Victor U Uduma Azuka S Adeke Cordis O Ikegwuonu Olaedo O Nnachi Okechukwu O Ukpabi Ifeyinwa M Okeke Glory E Nkwo Ugochi I A Nwali |
| author_sort | Ugwu I Omale |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives Health workers are at particular risk of contracting the COVID-19. However, non-acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination has been a noticeable challenge the world over and in Nigeria where supply constraints have also been an issue. We evaluated COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (the uptake, hesitancy, intention to receive and timeliness of the intention to receive) and the determinants, and the predictive power of acceptance factor compared with availability/access factor, among health workers in Ebonyi state.Methods We conducted an online-offline survey, between 12 March 2022 and 9 May 2022, among all consenting health workers (clinical/non-clinical, public/private) working/living in Ebonyi state and who were selected by convenience and snowballing techniques. Data were collected using structured self-administered questionnaire distributed via WhatsApp and interviewer-administered questionnaire in KoBoCollect installed in android devices. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and generalised linear models.Results 1276 health workers were surveyed. Uptake was 68.2% vaccinated, 47.4% fully vaccinated and 20.9% partially vaccinated. Hesitancy was 22.6% or 71.2% among the unvaccinated (76.3% of hesitancy due to refusal and 23.7% to delay). Intention to receive was 36.0% of which 55.1% gave the intended time (days) to receive with a median (IQR) of 30 days (7–133). The strongest and most important predictor of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance was COVID-19 vaccination expectations and perceptions. Other important predictors were COVID-19/COVID-19 vaccination process experiences and perceptions. Acceptance factor was a stronger predictor compared with availability/access factor.Conclusion The slow pace of COVID-19 vaccination coverage among the health workers in Ebonyi state/Nigeria may encounter a bottle-neck due to the high refusal rate among the unvaccinated. COVID-19 vaccination policy interventions in Nigeria and other similar settings should, in addition to sustaining availability and access, prioritise improvement of COVID-19 vaccination expectations and perceptions (regarding importance/safety/effectiveness) and COVID-19 risk communication among the health workers.Trial registration number ISRCTN16735844. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:21:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6b8dc089c5e74732b9ed7cf15f35b3c9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:21:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj.art-6b8dc089c5e74732b9ed7cf15f35b3c92023-08-11T01:35:07ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552023-07-0113710.1136/bmjopen-2022-068668COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (uptake, hesitancy, intention to receive and timeliness of the intention to receive) and the determinants among health workers in Ebonyi state, Nigeria: an analytical cross-sectional studyUgwu I Omale0Osarhiemen Iyare1Richard L Ewah2Chidinma I Amuzie3Onyinyechukwu U Oka4Victor U Uduma5Azuka S Adeke6Cordis O Ikegwuonu7Olaedo O Nnachi8Okechukwu O Ukpabi9Ifeyinwa M Okeke10Glory E Nkwo11Ugochi I A Nwali12Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, NigeriaCommunity Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, NigeriaAnaesthesia, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, NigeriaCommunity Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Umuahia, NigeriaCommunity Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, NigeriaInternal Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, NigeriaCommunity Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, NigeriaCommunity Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, NigeriaCommunity Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, NigeriaCommunity Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, NigeriaCommunity Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, NigeriaCommunity Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Umuahia, NigeriaCommunity Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, NigeriaObjectives Health workers are at particular risk of contracting the COVID-19. However, non-acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination has been a noticeable challenge the world over and in Nigeria where supply constraints have also been an issue. We evaluated COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (the uptake, hesitancy, intention to receive and timeliness of the intention to receive) and the determinants, and the predictive power of acceptance factor compared with availability/access factor, among health workers in Ebonyi state.Methods We conducted an online-offline survey, between 12 March 2022 and 9 May 2022, among all consenting health workers (clinical/non-clinical, public/private) working/living in Ebonyi state and who were selected by convenience and snowballing techniques. Data were collected using structured self-administered questionnaire distributed via WhatsApp and interviewer-administered questionnaire in KoBoCollect installed in android devices. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and generalised linear models.Results 1276 health workers were surveyed. Uptake was 68.2% vaccinated, 47.4% fully vaccinated and 20.9% partially vaccinated. Hesitancy was 22.6% or 71.2% among the unvaccinated (76.3% of hesitancy due to refusal and 23.7% to delay). Intention to receive was 36.0% of which 55.1% gave the intended time (days) to receive with a median (IQR) of 30 days (7–133). The strongest and most important predictor of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance was COVID-19 vaccination expectations and perceptions. Other important predictors were COVID-19/COVID-19 vaccination process experiences and perceptions. Acceptance factor was a stronger predictor compared with availability/access factor.Conclusion The slow pace of COVID-19 vaccination coverage among the health workers in Ebonyi state/Nigeria may encounter a bottle-neck due to the high refusal rate among the unvaccinated. COVID-19 vaccination policy interventions in Nigeria and other similar settings should, in addition to sustaining availability and access, prioritise improvement of COVID-19 vaccination expectations and perceptions (regarding importance/safety/effectiveness) and COVID-19 risk communication among the health workers.Trial registration number ISRCTN16735844.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/13/7/e068668.full |
| spellingShingle | Ugwu I Omale Osarhiemen Iyare Richard L Ewah Chidinma I Amuzie Onyinyechukwu U Oka Victor U Uduma Azuka S Adeke Cordis O Ikegwuonu Olaedo O Nnachi Okechukwu O Ukpabi Ifeyinwa M Okeke Glory E Nkwo Ugochi I A Nwali COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (uptake, hesitancy, intention to receive and timeliness of the intention to receive) and the determinants among health workers in Ebonyi state, Nigeria: an analytical cross-sectional study BMJ Open |
| title | COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (uptake, hesitancy, intention to receive and timeliness of the intention to receive) and the determinants among health workers in Ebonyi state, Nigeria: an analytical cross-sectional study |
| title_full | COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (uptake, hesitancy, intention to receive and timeliness of the intention to receive) and the determinants among health workers in Ebonyi state, Nigeria: an analytical cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (uptake, hesitancy, intention to receive and timeliness of the intention to receive) and the determinants among health workers in Ebonyi state, Nigeria: an analytical cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (uptake, hesitancy, intention to receive and timeliness of the intention to receive) and the determinants among health workers in Ebonyi state, Nigeria: an analytical cross-sectional study |
| title_short | COVID-19 vaccination acceptance (uptake, hesitancy, intention to receive and timeliness of the intention to receive) and the determinants among health workers in Ebonyi state, Nigeria: an analytical cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | covid 19 vaccination acceptance uptake hesitancy intention to receive and timeliness of the intention to receive and the determinants among health workers in ebonyi state nigeria an analytical cross sectional study |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/13/7/e068668.full |
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