Benefits of Residual Aluminum Oxide for Sand Blasting Titanium Dental Implants: Osseointegration and Bactericidal Effects
Objectives. The purpose of this work was to determine the influence of residual alumina after sand blasting treatment in titanium dental implants. This paper studied the effect of alumina on physico-chemical surface properties, such as: surface wettability, surface energy. Osseointegration and bacte...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/1/178 |
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| author | Javier Gil Román Pérez Mariano Herrero-Climent Maria Rizo-Gorrita Daniel Torres-Lagares Jose Luis Gutierrez |
| author_facet | Javier Gil Román Pérez Mariano Herrero-Climent Maria Rizo-Gorrita Daniel Torres-Lagares Jose Luis Gutierrez |
| author_sort | Javier Gil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives. The purpose of this work was to determine the influence of residual alumina after sand blasting treatment in titanium dental implants. This paper studied the effect of alumina on physico-chemical surface properties, such as: surface wettability, surface energy. Osseointegration and bacteria adhesion were determined in order to determine the effect of the abrasive particles. Materials and Methods. Three surfaces were studied: (1) as-received, (2) rough surface with residual alumina from sand blasting on the surface and (3) with the same roughness but without residual alumina. Roughness was determined by white light interferometer microscopy. Surface wettability was evaluated with a contact angle video-based system and the surface free energy by means of Owens and Wendt equation. Scanning electron microscopy equipped with microanalysis was used to study the morphology and determine the chemical composition of the surfaces. Bacteria (Lactobacillus salivarius and Streptococcus sanguinis) were cultured in each surface. In total, 110 dental implants were placed into the bone of eight minipigs in order to compare the osseointegration. The percentage of bone-to-implant contact was determined after 4 and 6 weeks of implantation with histometric analysis. Results. The surfaces with residual alumina presented a lower surface free energy than clean surfaces. The in vivo studies demonstrated that the residual alumina accelerated bone tissue growth at different implantation times, in relation to clean dental implants. In addition, residual alumina showed a bactericidal effect by decreasing the quantity of bacteria adhering to the titanium. Conclusions. It is possible to verify the benefits that the alumina (percentages around 8% in weight) produces on the surface of titanium dental implants. Clinical relevance. Clinicians should be aware of the benefits of sand-blasted alumina due to the physico-chemical surface changes demonstrated in in vivo tests. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:33:48Z |
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| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:33:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-6b9c94e8cbad49f59e1d17c713205a872023-11-23T11:49:21ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-12-0115117810.3390/ma15010178Benefits of Residual Aluminum Oxide for Sand Blasting Titanium Dental Implants: Osseointegration and Bactericidal EffectsJavier Gil0Román Pérez1Mariano Herrero-Climent2Maria Rizo-Gorrita3Daniel Torres-Lagares4Jose Luis Gutierrez5Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, International University of Cataluña, c. Josep Trueta s/n. Sant Cugat del Valles, 08125 Barcelona, SpainBioengineering Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, International University of Cataluña, c. Josep Trueta s/n. Sant Cugat del Valles, 08125 Barcelona, SpainPorto Dental Institute, 4150-518 Porto, PortugalFaculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, C/Avicena s/n., 41009 Seville, SpainFaculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, C/Avicena s/n., 41009 Seville, SpainFaculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, C/Avicena s/n., 41009 Seville, SpainObjectives. The purpose of this work was to determine the influence of residual alumina after sand blasting treatment in titanium dental implants. This paper studied the effect of alumina on physico-chemical surface properties, such as: surface wettability, surface energy. Osseointegration and bacteria adhesion were determined in order to determine the effect of the abrasive particles. Materials and Methods. Three surfaces were studied: (1) as-received, (2) rough surface with residual alumina from sand blasting on the surface and (3) with the same roughness but without residual alumina. Roughness was determined by white light interferometer microscopy. Surface wettability was evaluated with a contact angle video-based system and the surface free energy by means of Owens and Wendt equation. Scanning electron microscopy equipped with microanalysis was used to study the morphology and determine the chemical composition of the surfaces. Bacteria (Lactobacillus salivarius and Streptococcus sanguinis) were cultured in each surface. In total, 110 dental implants were placed into the bone of eight minipigs in order to compare the osseointegration. The percentage of bone-to-implant contact was determined after 4 and 6 weeks of implantation with histometric analysis. Results. The surfaces with residual alumina presented a lower surface free energy than clean surfaces. The in vivo studies demonstrated that the residual alumina accelerated bone tissue growth at different implantation times, in relation to clean dental implants. In addition, residual alumina showed a bactericidal effect by decreasing the quantity of bacteria adhering to the titanium. Conclusions. It is possible to verify the benefits that the alumina (percentages around 8% in weight) produces on the surface of titanium dental implants. Clinical relevance. Clinicians should be aware of the benefits of sand-blasted alumina due to the physico-chemical surface changes demonstrated in in vivo tests.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/1/178titanium implantsosseointegrationsurfacesalumina |
| spellingShingle | Javier Gil Román Pérez Mariano Herrero-Climent Maria Rizo-Gorrita Daniel Torres-Lagares Jose Luis Gutierrez Benefits of Residual Aluminum Oxide for Sand Blasting Titanium Dental Implants: Osseointegration and Bactericidal Effects Materials titanium implants osseointegration surfaces alumina |
| title | Benefits of Residual Aluminum Oxide for Sand Blasting Titanium Dental Implants: Osseointegration and Bactericidal Effects |
| title_full | Benefits of Residual Aluminum Oxide for Sand Blasting Titanium Dental Implants: Osseointegration and Bactericidal Effects |
| title_fullStr | Benefits of Residual Aluminum Oxide for Sand Blasting Titanium Dental Implants: Osseointegration and Bactericidal Effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Benefits of Residual Aluminum Oxide for Sand Blasting Titanium Dental Implants: Osseointegration and Bactericidal Effects |
| title_short | Benefits of Residual Aluminum Oxide for Sand Blasting Titanium Dental Implants: Osseointegration and Bactericidal Effects |
| title_sort | benefits of residual aluminum oxide for sand blasting titanium dental implants osseointegration and bactericidal effects |
| topic | titanium implants osseointegration surfaces alumina |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/1/178 |
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