Joining Ti6Al4V to Alumina by Diffusion Bonding Using Titanium Interlayers
This work aims to investigate the joining of Ti6Al4V alloy to alumina by diffusion bonding using titanium interlayers: thin films (1 µm) and commercial titanium foils (5 µm). The Ti thin films were deposited by magnetron sputtering onto alumina. The joints were processed at 900, 950, and 1000 °C, dw...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/11/1728 |
| _version_ | 1797509371615248384 |
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| author | Marcionilo Silva Ana S. Ramos Sónia Simões |
| author_facet | Marcionilo Silva Ana S. Ramos Sónia Simões |
| author_sort | Marcionilo Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work aims to investigate the joining of Ti6Al4V alloy to alumina by diffusion bonding using titanium interlayers: thin films (1 µm) and commercial titanium foils (5 µm). The Ti thin films were deposited by magnetron sputtering onto alumina. The joints were processed at 900, 950, and 1000 °C, dwell time of 10 and 60 min, under contact pressure. Experiments without interlayer were performed for comparison purposes. Microstructural characterization of the interfaces was conducted by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The mechanical characterization of the joints was performed by nanoindentation to obtain hardness and reduced Young’s modulus distribution maps and shear strength tests. Joints processed without interlayer have only been achieved at 1000 °C. Conversely, joints processed using Ti thin films as interlayer showed promising results at temperatures of 950 °C for 60 min and 1000 °C for 10 and 60 min, under low pressure. The Ti adhesion to the alumina is a critical aspect of the diffusion bonding process and the joints produced with Ti freestanding foils were unsuccessful. The nanoindentation results revealed that the interfaces show hardness and reduced Young modulus, which reflect the observed microstructure. The average shear strength values are similar for all joints tested (52 ± 14 MPa for the joint processed without interlayer and 49 ± 25 MPa for the joint processed with interlayer), which confirms that the use of the Ti thin film improves the diffusion bonding of the Ti6Al4V alloy to alumina, enabling a decrease in the joining temperature and time. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:16:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6ba8af817c5e452eb6a54e258e0979c5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:16:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-6ba8af817c5e452eb6a54e258e0979c52023-11-23T00:22:39ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012021-10-011111172810.3390/met11111728Joining Ti6Al4V to Alumina by Diffusion Bonding Using Titanium InterlayersMarcionilo Silva0Ana S. Ramos1Sónia Simões2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Amazonas, General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos ST, Manaus 69067-005, BrazilUniversity of Coimbra, CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, R. Luís Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, PortugalDEMM, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalThis work aims to investigate the joining of Ti6Al4V alloy to alumina by diffusion bonding using titanium interlayers: thin films (1 µm) and commercial titanium foils (5 µm). The Ti thin films were deposited by magnetron sputtering onto alumina. The joints were processed at 900, 950, and 1000 °C, dwell time of 10 and 60 min, under contact pressure. Experiments without interlayer were performed for comparison purposes. Microstructural characterization of the interfaces was conducted by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The mechanical characterization of the joints was performed by nanoindentation to obtain hardness and reduced Young’s modulus distribution maps and shear strength tests. Joints processed without interlayer have only been achieved at 1000 °C. Conversely, joints processed using Ti thin films as interlayer showed promising results at temperatures of 950 °C for 60 min and 1000 °C for 10 and 60 min, under low pressure. The Ti adhesion to the alumina is a critical aspect of the diffusion bonding process and the joints produced with Ti freestanding foils were unsuccessful. The nanoindentation results revealed that the interfaces show hardness and reduced Young modulus, which reflect the observed microstructure. The average shear strength values are similar for all joints tested (52 ± 14 MPa for the joint processed without interlayer and 49 ± 25 MPa for the joint processed with interlayer), which confirms that the use of the Ti thin film improves the diffusion bonding of the Ti6Al4V alloy to alumina, enabling a decrease in the joining temperature and time.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/11/1728diffusion bondingthin filmtitaniumAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>sputtering |
| spellingShingle | Marcionilo Silva Ana S. Ramos Sónia Simões Joining Ti6Al4V to Alumina by Diffusion Bonding Using Titanium Interlayers Metals diffusion bonding thin film titanium Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sputtering |
| title | Joining Ti6Al4V to Alumina by Diffusion Bonding Using Titanium Interlayers |
| title_full | Joining Ti6Al4V to Alumina by Diffusion Bonding Using Titanium Interlayers |
| title_fullStr | Joining Ti6Al4V to Alumina by Diffusion Bonding Using Titanium Interlayers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Joining Ti6Al4V to Alumina by Diffusion Bonding Using Titanium Interlayers |
| title_short | Joining Ti6Al4V to Alumina by Diffusion Bonding Using Titanium Interlayers |
| title_sort | joining ti6al4v to alumina by diffusion bonding using titanium interlayers |
| topic | diffusion bonding thin film titanium Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sputtering |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/11/1728 |
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