Ultrasound-Assisted Anthocyanins Extraction from Pigmented Corn: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology
This study aimed to determine the optimal UAE conditions for extracting anthocyanins from pigmented corn using the Box–Behnken design (BBD). Six anthocyanins were identified in the samples and were used as response variables to evaluate the effects of the following working variables: extraction solv...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Methods and Protocols |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2409-9279/6/4/69 |
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| author | Annisa Nurkhasanah Titouan Fardad Ceferino Carrera Widiastuti Setyaningsih Miguel Palma |
| author_facet | Annisa Nurkhasanah Titouan Fardad Ceferino Carrera Widiastuti Setyaningsih Miguel Palma |
| author_sort | Annisa Nurkhasanah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to determine the optimal UAE conditions for extracting anthocyanins from pigmented corn using the Box–Behnken design (BBD). Six anthocyanins were identified in the samples and were used as response variables to evaluate the effects of the following working variables: extraction solvent pH (2–7), temperature (10–70 °C), solvent composition (0–50% methanol in water), and ultrasound power (20–80%). The extraction time (5–25 min) was evaluated for complete recovery. Response surface methodology suggested optimal conditions, specifically 36% methanol in water with pH 7 at 70 °C using 73% ultrasound power for 10 min. The method was validated with a high level of accuracy (>90% of recovery) and high precision (CV < 5% for both repeatability and intermediate precision). Finally, the proposed analytical extraction method was successfully applied to determine anthocyanins that covered a wide concentration range (36.47–551.92 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) in several pigmented corn samples revealing potential varieties providing more health benefits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:41:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6babe6eace11458ab43b3ba4d08069f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2409-9279 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:41:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Methods and Protocols |
| spelling | doaj.art-6babe6eace11458ab43b3ba4d08069f22023-11-19T02:26:18ZengMDPI AGMethods and Protocols2409-92792023-07-01646910.3390/mps6040069Ultrasound-Assisted Anthocyanins Extraction from Pigmented Corn: Optimization Using Response Surface MethodologyAnnisa Nurkhasanah0Titouan Fardad1Ceferino Carrera2Widiastuti Setyaningsih3Miguel Palma4Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Gadjah Mada University, Jalan Flora, Bulaksumur, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, IndonesiaDepartment of Physical Measurements, Institute of Technology of Lannion, CEDEX, 22302 Lannion, FranceDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Vitivinícola y Agroalimentaria (IVAGRO), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, SpainDepartment of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Gadjah Mada University, Jalan Flora, Bulaksumur, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, IndonesiaDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Vitivinícola y Agroalimentaria (IVAGRO), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (CeiA3), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, SpainThis study aimed to determine the optimal UAE conditions for extracting anthocyanins from pigmented corn using the Box–Behnken design (BBD). Six anthocyanins were identified in the samples and were used as response variables to evaluate the effects of the following working variables: extraction solvent pH (2–7), temperature (10–70 °C), solvent composition (0–50% methanol in water), and ultrasound power (20–80%). The extraction time (5–25 min) was evaluated for complete recovery. Response surface methodology suggested optimal conditions, specifically 36% methanol in water with pH 7 at 70 °C using 73% ultrasound power for 10 min. The method was validated with a high level of accuracy (>90% of recovery) and high precision (CV < 5% for both repeatability and intermediate precision). Finally, the proposed analytical extraction method was successfully applied to determine anthocyanins that covered a wide concentration range (36.47–551.92 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) in several pigmented corn samples revealing potential varieties providing more health benefits.https://www.mdpi.com/2409-9279/6/4/69anthocyaninsBox–Behnken designoptimizationpurple cornultrasound-assisted extraction |
| spellingShingle | Annisa Nurkhasanah Titouan Fardad Ceferino Carrera Widiastuti Setyaningsih Miguel Palma Ultrasound-Assisted Anthocyanins Extraction from Pigmented Corn: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology Methods and Protocols anthocyanins Box–Behnken design optimization purple corn ultrasound-assisted extraction |
| title | Ultrasound-Assisted Anthocyanins Extraction from Pigmented Corn: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_full | Ultrasound-Assisted Anthocyanins Extraction from Pigmented Corn: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_fullStr | Ultrasound-Assisted Anthocyanins Extraction from Pigmented Corn: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultrasound-Assisted Anthocyanins Extraction from Pigmented Corn: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_short | Ultrasound-Assisted Anthocyanins Extraction from Pigmented Corn: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_sort | ultrasound assisted anthocyanins extraction from pigmented corn optimization using response surface methodology |
| topic | anthocyanins Box–Behnken design optimization purple corn ultrasound-assisted extraction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2409-9279/6/4/69 |
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