Une bactérie multirésistante avant l’ère des antibiotiques : l’agent de la mélioïdose
Melioidosis is an infectious, tropical and emerging disease, due to a bacterium of the hydrotelluric environment, Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is considered as a potential biological weapon because of its exceptional resistance and virulence capacities. Its worldwide spread, outside the original...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Académie des sciences
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Comptes Rendus Biologies |
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| Online Access: | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/biologies/articles/10.5802/crbiol.109/ |
| _version_ | 1797651247111602176 |
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| author | Buisson, Yves |
| author_facet | Buisson, Yves |
| author_sort | Buisson, Yves |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Melioidosis is an infectious, tropical and emerging disease, due to a bacterium of the hydrotelluric environment, Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is considered as a potential biological weapon because of its exceptional resistance and virulence capacities. Its worldwide spread, outside the original endemic foci of Southeast Asia and Australia, is favoured by global warming and the diabetes mellitus pandemic, which is the main predisposing factor.In humans, melioidosis is an opportunistic infection, following professional (rice farmers, soldiers) or accidental contamination, by inhalation or inoculation. B. pseudomallei is a facultative intracellular bacterium that can overcome host immune defences, induce acute, subacute, or chronic invasive infection, or remain latent for years. The acute infection is polymorphic, bacteraemic in more than 50% of cases, frequently complicated by shock, and revealed by visceral abscesses, most often pulmonary. It is fatal in 20 to 50% of cases, the prognosis depending on the delay before the establishment of effective first-line antibiotic therapy, using ceftazidime or carbapenems, and therefore on the speed of bacteriological diagnosis.B. pseudomallei is a saprophytic bacterium, resident of the rhizosphere where it has developed and accumulated capacities to overcome environmental stresses and competition with organisms living in such ecosystem. These adaptation mechanisms are also the virulence factors that make melioidosis serious, in particular the efflux pumps that are the main support for its multi-resistance to antibiotics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:13:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6bcb165a16244f119bfbc08dc4d921e2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1768-3238 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T16:13:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Académie des sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Comptes Rendus Biologies |
| spelling | doaj.art-6bcb165a16244f119bfbc08dc4d921e22023-10-24T14:25:39ZengAcadémie des sciencesComptes Rendus Biologies1768-32382023-08-011510.5802/crbiol.10910.5802/crbiol.109Une bactérie multirésistante avant l’ère des antibiotiques : l’agent de la mélioïdoseBuisson, Yves0Académie nationale de médecine, 16 Rue Bonaparte, 75006 Paris, FranceMelioidosis is an infectious, tropical and emerging disease, due to a bacterium of the hydrotelluric environment, Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is considered as a potential biological weapon because of its exceptional resistance and virulence capacities. Its worldwide spread, outside the original endemic foci of Southeast Asia and Australia, is favoured by global warming and the diabetes mellitus pandemic, which is the main predisposing factor.In humans, melioidosis is an opportunistic infection, following professional (rice farmers, soldiers) or accidental contamination, by inhalation or inoculation. B. pseudomallei is a facultative intracellular bacterium that can overcome host immune defences, induce acute, subacute, or chronic invasive infection, or remain latent for years. The acute infection is polymorphic, bacteraemic in more than 50% of cases, frequently complicated by shock, and revealed by visceral abscesses, most often pulmonary. It is fatal in 20 to 50% of cases, the prognosis depending on the delay before the establishment of effective first-line antibiotic therapy, using ceftazidime or carbapenems, and therefore on the speed of bacteriological diagnosis.B. pseudomallei is a saprophytic bacterium, resident of the rhizosphere where it has developed and accumulated capacities to overcome environmental stresses and competition with organisms living in such ecosystem. These adaptation mechanisms are also the virulence factors that make melioidosis serious, in particular the efflux pumps that are the main support for its multi-resistance to antibiotics.https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/biologies/articles/10.5802/crbiol.109/Mélioïdose<i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i>RhizosphèreMultirésistance aux antibiotiquesPompes d’efflux |
| spellingShingle | Buisson, Yves Une bactérie multirésistante avant l’ère des antibiotiques : l’agent de la mélioïdose Comptes Rendus Biologies Mélioïdose <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i> Rhizosphère Multirésistance aux antibiotiques Pompes d’efflux |
| title | Une bactérie multirésistante avant l’ère des antibiotiques : l’agent de la mélioïdose |
| title_full | Une bactérie multirésistante avant l’ère des antibiotiques : l’agent de la mélioïdose |
| title_fullStr | Une bactérie multirésistante avant l’ère des antibiotiques : l’agent de la mélioïdose |
| title_full_unstemmed | Une bactérie multirésistante avant l’ère des antibiotiques : l’agent de la mélioïdose |
| title_short | Une bactérie multirésistante avant l’ère des antibiotiques : l’agent de la mélioïdose |
| title_sort | une bacterie multiresistante avant l ere des antibiotiques l agent de la melioidose |
| topic | Mélioïdose <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i> Rhizosphère Multirésistance aux antibiotiques Pompes d’efflux |
| url | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/biologies/articles/10.5802/crbiol.109/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT buissonyves unebacteriemultiresistanteavantleredesantibiotiqueslagentdelamelioidose |