Evaluation of Allelopathic Activity Interactions of Some Medicinal Plants Using Fractional Inhibitory Concentration and Isobologram
Allelopathy is a physiological process with an ecological concept and application. Allelopathy is the result of the production of biologically active molecules by growing plants or their remains, which may have a direct effect on the growth and development of individuals of the same species or other...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/12/3001 |
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| author | Somayeh Sadeqifard Somayeh Mirmostafaee Mohammad Reza Joharchi Jaleh Zandavifard Majid Azizi Yoshiharu Fujii |
| author_facet | Somayeh Sadeqifard Somayeh Mirmostafaee Mohammad Reza Joharchi Jaleh Zandavifard Majid Azizi Yoshiharu Fujii |
| author_sort | Somayeh Sadeqifard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Allelopathy is a physiological process with an ecological concept and application. Allelopathy is the result of the production of biologically active molecules by growing plants or their remains, which may have a direct effect on the growth and development of individuals of the same species or other species after changing their shape and entering the environment. As regards, the use of natural compounds in the control of weeds and pests is a priority. In this research, the allelopathic activity of 123 specimens of medicinal and aromatic plants were investigated individually by the dish-pack method using lettuce seeds as a model. Then, the strongest inhibitory ones were selected and their allelopathic interaction effects were investigated for the first time by interacting them together. Two methods were used to evaluate allelopathic interaction effects: calculating Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) and drawing Isobologram diagrams. Lettuce hypocotyl length, root length, germination percentage, and germination rate were investigated. <i>Pelargonium graveolens</i> (leaf) had the greatest inhibitory effect on lettuce radicle growth (EC<sub>50</sub> = 5.31 mg/well) and <i>Echinophora platyloba</i> (stem) had the greatest effect on hypocotyl growth inhibition (EC<sub>50</sub> = 7.91 mg/well). Also, the lowest lettuce germination percentages were observed in the treatments <i>Lavandula officinalis</i> (flower) and <i>Nepeta binaloudensis</i> (leaf), respectively (23.61, 22.85%). The highest inhibitory effect by considering lettuce germination rate was detected in <i>Salvia ceratophylla</i> (leaf), (12.86 seed/day) and the lowest belonged to <i>Nepeta binaloudensis</i> (leaf) and <i>Lavandula officinalis</i> (flower), respectively (3.60, 3.32 seed/day). According to FIC calculations and isobolograms, two types of interaction, including synergist (<i>Nepeta binaloudensis</i> (leaf) with <i>Trachyspermum ammi</i> (fruit) and <i>Nepeta binaloudensis</i> (leaf) with <i>Lavandula officinalis</i> (flower) and antagonist (<i>Pelargonium graveolens</i> (leaf) with <i>Lavandula officinalis</i> (flower)), were observed significantly among the plants tested in this research. These interactions can be used to prepare more effective natural herbicides and decrease the use of herbicides. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:26:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6bd69027c89e4f5895ae2230f8d05a93 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:26:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-6bd69027c89e4f5895ae2230f8d05a932023-11-24T12:44:46ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-11-011212300110.3390/agronomy12123001Evaluation of Allelopathic Activity Interactions of Some Medicinal Plants Using Fractional Inhibitory Concentration and IsobologramSomayeh Sadeqifard0Somayeh Mirmostafaee1Mohammad Reza Joharchi2Jaleh Zandavifard3Majid Azizi4Yoshiharu Fujii5Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad P.O. Box 9716094019, IranDepartment of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad P.O. Box 9716094019, IranInstitute of Plant Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad P.O. Box 9716094019, IranDepartment of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad P.O. Box 9716094019, IranDepartment of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad P.O. Box 9716094019, IranDepartment of International Environmental and Agricultural Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu 183-8509, Tokyo, JapanAllelopathy is a physiological process with an ecological concept and application. Allelopathy is the result of the production of biologically active molecules by growing plants or their remains, which may have a direct effect on the growth and development of individuals of the same species or other species after changing their shape and entering the environment. As regards, the use of natural compounds in the control of weeds and pests is a priority. In this research, the allelopathic activity of 123 specimens of medicinal and aromatic plants were investigated individually by the dish-pack method using lettuce seeds as a model. Then, the strongest inhibitory ones were selected and their allelopathic interaction effects were investigated for the first time by interacting them together. Two methods were used to evaluate allelopathic interaction effects: calculating Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) and drawing Isobologram diagrams. Lettuce hypocotyl length, root length, germination percentage, and germination rate were investigated. <i>Pelargonium graveolens</i> (leaf) had the greatest inhibitory effect on lettuce radicle growth (EC<sub>50</sub> = 5.31 mg/well) and <i>Echinophora platyloba</i> (stem) had the greatest effect on hypocotyl growth inhibition (EC<sub>50</sub> = 7.91 mg/well). Also, the lowest lettuce germination percentages were observed in the treatments <i>Lavandula officinalis</i> (flower) and <i>Nepeta binaloudensis</i> (leaf), respectively (23.61, 22.85%). The highest inhibitory effect by considering lettuce germination rate was detected in <i>Salvia ceratophylla</i> (leaf), (12.86 seed/day) and the lowest belonged to <i>Nepeta binaloudensis</i> (leaf) and <i>Lavandula officinalis</i> (flower), respectively (3.60, 3.32 seed/day). According to FIC calculations and isobolograms, two types of interaction, including synergist (<i>Nepeta binaloudensis</i> (leaf) with <i>Trachyspermum ammi</i> (fruit) and <i>Nepeta binaloudensis</i> (leaf) with <i>Lavandula officinalis</i> (flower) and antagonist (<i>Pelargonium graveolens</i> (leaf) with <i>Lavandula officinalis</i> (flower)), were observed significantly among the plants tested in this research. These interactions can be used to prepare more effective natural herbicides and decrease the use of herbicides.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/12/3001allelopathylettuce growthEC<sub>50</sub>volatile compoundsorganic culturesynergist |
| spellingShingle | Somayeh Sadeqifard Somayeh Mirmostafaee Mohammad Reza Joharchi Jaleh Zandavifard Majid Azizi Yoshiharu Fujii Evaluation of Allelopathic Activity Interactions of Some Medicinal Plants Using Fractional Inhibitory Concentration and Isobologram Agronomy allelopathy lettuce growth EC<sub>50</sub> volatile compounds organic culture synergist |
| title | Evaluation of Allelopathic Activity Interactions of Some Medicinal Plants Using Fractional Inhibitory Concentration and Isobologram |
| title_full | Evaluation of Allelopathic Activity Interactions of Some Medicinal Plants Using Fractional Inhibitory Concentration and Isobologram |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Allelopathic Activity Interactions of Some Medicinal Plants Using Fractional Inhibitory Concentration and Isobologram |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Allelopathic Activity Interactions of Some Medicinal Plants Using Fractional Inhibitory Concentration and Isobologram |
| title_short | Evaluation of Allelopathic Activity Interactions of Some Medicinal Plants Using Fractional Inhibitory Concentration and Isobologram |
| title_sort | evaluation of allelopathic activity interactions of some medicinal plants using fractional inhibitory concentration and isobologram |
| topic | allelopathy lettuce growth EC<sub>50</sub> volatile compounds organic culture synergist |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/12/3001 |
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