| Summary: | Objective: To determine the association between pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) and to identify the predictive risk factors. Materials and Methods: Pregnant women with a newly diagnosed PIH (between 2000 and 2013) from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) were compared with a matched (with respect to age and year of delivery) cohort of pregnant women without PIH. The occurrence of TTN was evaluated in both cohorts. Results: Among the 23.3 million individuals registered in the NHIRD, 29,013 patients with PIH and 116,052 matched controls were identified. According to a multivariate analysis, PIH (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.69–2.03, p < 0.0001), age ≥ 30 years (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.26–1.51, p < 0.0001), primiparity (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.24–1.5, p < 0.0001), preterm birth (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 3.09–3.75, p < 0.0001), multiple births (OR = 2.54, 95% CI = 2.24–2.89, p < 0.0001), and cesarean section (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.56–1.88, p < 0.0001) were independent risk factors for the development of TTN. Conclusion: Women with PIH have an increased risk of having infants who develop TTN compared with those without PIH. Additionally, age ≥30 years, primiparity, preterm birth, multiple births, and cesarean section were independent risk factors for the development of TTN. Keywords: Pregnancy-induced hypertension, Hypertension in pregnancy, Gestational hypertension, Preeclampsia, Transient tachypnea of the newborn
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