63 Echinococcosis in US patients: retrospective analysis of a neglected zoonosis with regional animal spillover risks
OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our objective is to address the gaps in our epidemiologic understanding of Echinococcosis, a neglected and emergent zoonotic parasite in the US. Comparing regional differences in human cases with known Echinococcus genotypes in canine reservoirs will reveal landscape-level transmis...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Translational Science |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2059866123001504/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1797840411033600000 |
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| author | Treana Mayer Susan VanDeWoude Andras F. Henao-Martanez |
| author_facet | Treana Mayer Susan VanDeWoude Andras F. Henao-Martanez |
| author_sort | Treana Mayer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our objective is to address the gaps in our epidemiologic understanding of Echinococcosis, a neglected and emergent zoonotic parasite in the US. Comparing regional differences in human cases with known Echinococcus genotypes in canine reservoirs will reveal landscape-level transmission risks. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Retrospective analysis of de-identified diagnosis codes for human echinococcosis in the US from 2002-2022 in a federal multi-healthcare network database (TriNetX). Analyses included Kaplan-Meier survival and specific parasite species cohort comparisons with descriptive summaries of demography and co-morbidities, and odds ratios for interventions (surgery, antiparasitics, cyst aspiration) and complications (anaphylaxis, sepsis, etc.) Mitochondrial genomes of Echinococcus spp. from next-generation sequencing ova-positive archival animal scat (National Park Service), along with sequences from published sources in the US, will be used to compare regional genotypic and reservoir host differences. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Over 36,000 US patients were diagnosed with Echinococcosis in the past twenty years. Most cases had an unspecified parasite species, primarily affecting pediatrics (average age 16y +/- 10y) in the South/Southeast US, with very few interventions or medical complications reported. Patients with specific parasite species diagnoses (E. granulosus or E. multilocularis, N=500) had higher rates of mortality (11.7% at 10y), surgical (8.8%) and medical (18.2%) interventions, and complications (2%-17.2%), with demographic differences noted. Sequencing data and analysis pending for 47 Echinococcus positive wolf samples, with 78 additional sequences available for two types of Echinococcus spp. in wildlife, and lacking data for domestic dog-adapted strains in the US. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: This study revealed a higher-than-expected burden of Echinococcosis in the US, confirming it is an under-recognized neglected and emergent disease. Future studies will address gaps regarding the origin of unspecified infections, with targeted surveillance of domestic dogs in high-risk areas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T16:14:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6be3f1db8890423c9a49989f6e54198a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2059-8661 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T16:14:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Translational Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-6be3f1db8890423c9a49989f6e54198a2023-04-24T05:55:56ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Clinical and Translational Science2059-86612023-04-017171710.1017/cts.2023.15063 Echinococcosis in US patients: retrospective analysis of a neglected zoonosis with regional animal spillover risksTreana Mayer0Susan VanDeWoude1Andras F. Henao-Martanez2Colorado State UniversityColorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Colorado, Anschutz Medical CampusOBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our objective is to address the gaps in our epidemiologic understanding of Echinococcosis, a neglected and emergent zoonotic parasite in the US. Comparing regional differences in human cases with known Echinococcus genotypes in canine reservoirs will reveal landscape-level transmission risks. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Retrospective analysis of de-identified diagnosis codes for human echinococcosis in the US from 2002-2022 in a federal multi-healthcare network database (TriNetX). Analyses included Kaplan-Meier survival and specific parasite species cohort comparisons with descriptive summaries of demography and co-morbidities, and odds ratios for interventions (surgery, antiparasitics, cyst aspiration) and complications (anaphylaxis, sepsis, etc.) Mitochondrial genomes of Echinococcus spp. from next-generation sequencing ova-positive archival animal scat (National Park Service), along with sequences from published sources in the US, will be used to compare regional genotypic and reservoir host differences. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Over 36,000 US patients were diagnosed with Echinococcosis in the past twenty years. Most cases had an unspecified parasite species, primarily affecting pediatrics (average age 16y +/- 10y) in the South/Southeast US, with very few interventions or medical complications reported. Patients with specific parasite species diagnoses (E. granulosus or E. multilocularis, N=500) had higher rates of mortality (11.7% at 10y), surgical (8.8%) and medical (18.2%) interventions, and complications (2%-17.2%), with demographic differences noted. Sequencing data and analysis pending for 47 Echinococcus positive wolf samples, with 78 additional sequences available for two types of Echinococcus spp. in wildlife, and lacking data for domestic dog-adapted strains in the US. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: This study revealed a higher-than-expected burden of Echinococcosis in the US, confirming it is an under-recognized neglected and emergent disease. Future studies will address gaps regarding the origin of unspecified infections, with targeted surveillance of domestic dogs in high-risk areas.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2059866123001504/type/journal_article |
| spellingShingle | Treana Mayer Susan VanDeWoude Andras F. Henao-Martanez 63 Echinococcosis in US patients: retrospective analysis of a neglected zoonosis with regional animal spillover risks Journal of Clinical and Translational Science |
| title | 63 Echinococcosis in US patients: retrospective analysis of a neglected zoonosis with regional animal spillover risks |
| title_full | 63 Echinococcosis in US patients: retrospective analysis of a neglected zoonosis with regional animal spillover risks |
| title_fullStr | 63 Echinococcosis in US patients: retrospective analysis of a neglected zoonosis with regional animal spillover risks |
| title_full_unstemmed | 63 Echinococcosis in US patients: retrospective analysis of a neglected zoonosis with regional animal spillover risks |
| title_short | 63 Echinococcosis in US patients: retrospective analysis of a neglected zoonosis with regional animal spillover risks |
| title_sort | 63 echinococcosis in us patients retrospective analysis of a neglected zoonosis with regional animal spillover risks |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2059866123001504/type/journal_article |
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