Constraints on Gamma-Ray Burst Models from GRB 221009A: GeV Gamma Rays versus High-energy Neutrinos
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are generally believed to be efficient particle accelerators. In the presence of energetic protons in a GRB jet, interactions between these protons and the intense radiation field of the GRB are supposed to induce an electromagnetic cascade. Electrons/positrons generated in t...
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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Series: | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acaf5e |
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author | Ruo-Yu Liu Hai-Ming Zhang Xiang-Yu Wang |
author_facet | Ruo-Yu Liu Hai-Ming Zhang Xiang-Yu Wang |
author_sort | Ruo-Yu Liu |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are generally believed to be efficient particle accelerators. In the presence of energetic protons in a GRB jet, interactions between these protons and the intense radiation field of the GRB are supposed to induce an electromagnetic cascade. Electrons/positrons generated in the cascade will produce an additional spectrum of a robust feature, which is in the form of a power-law distribution up to a GeV regime with an index of ≲2. We suggest that measurements of the Fermi Large Area Telescope at the GeV band can provide independent constraints on the key GRB model parameters such as the dissipation radius, the jet’s bulk Lorentz factor, and the baryon loading factor. Taking GRB 221009A, the brightest GRB ever detected, as an example, we show that the constraints from GeV gamma-ray emission may be more stringent than that from the neutrino observation, providing us with deep insight into the origin of GRBs. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:36:05Z |
format | Article |
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institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2041-8205 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:36:05Z |
publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
publisher | IOP Publishing |
record_format | Article |
series | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
spelling | doaj.art-6bfa96e33c2048d681af61e92669708b2023-09-03T09:55:22ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Letters2041-82052023-01-019431L210.3847/2041-8213/acaf5eConstraints on Gamma-Ray Burst Models from GRB 221009A: GeV Gamma Rays versus High-energy NeutrinosRuo-Yu Liu0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-0961Hai-Ming Zhang1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6863-5369Xiang-Yu Wang2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5881-335XSchool of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China ; ryliu@nju.edu.cn, hmzhang@nju.edu.cn; Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics (Nanjing University) , Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of ChinaSchool of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China ; ryliu@nju.edu.cn, hmzhang@nju.edu.cn; Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics (Nanjing University) , Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of ChinaSchool of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China ; ryliu@nju.edu.cn, hmzhang@nju.edu.cn; Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics (Nanjing University) , Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of ChinaGamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are generally believed to be efficient particle accelerators. In the presence of energetic protons in a GRB jet, interactions between these protons and the intense radiation field of the GRB are supposed to induce an electromagnetic cascade. Electrons/positrons generated in the cascade will produce an additional spectrum of a robust feature, which is in the form of a power-law distribution up to a GeV regime with an index of ≲2. We suggest that measurements of the Fermi Large Area Telescope at the GeV band can provide independent constraints on the key GRB model parameters such as the dissipation radius, the jet’s bulk Lorentz factor, and the baryon loading factor. Taking GRB 221009A, the brightest GRB ever detected, as an example, we show that the constraints from GeV gamma-ray emission may be more stringent than that from the neutrino observation, providing us with deep insight into the origin of GRBs.https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acaf5eGamma-ray burstsNeutrino astronomyCosmic ray sources |
spellingShingle | Ruo-Yu Liu Hai-Ming Zhang Xiang-Yu Wang Constraints on Gamma-Ray Burst Models from GRB 221009A: GeV Gamma Rays versus High-energy Neutrinos The Astrophysical Journal Letters Gamma-ray bursts Neutrino astronomy Cosmic ray sources |
title | Constraints on Gamma-Ray Burst Models from GRB 221009A: GeV Gamma Rays versus High-energy Neutrinos |
title_full | Constraints on Gamma-Ray Burst Models from GRB 221009A: GeV Gamma Rays versus High-energy Neutrinos |
title_fullStr | Constraints on Gamma-Ray Burst Models from GRB 221009A: GeV Gamma Rays versus High-energy Neutrinos |
title_full_unstemmed | Constraints on Gamma-Ray Burst Models from GRB 221009A: GeV Gamma Rays versus High-energy Neutrinos |
title_short | Constraints on Gamma-Ray Burst Models from GRB 221009A: GeV Gamma Rays versus High-energy Neutrinos |
title_sort | constraints on gamma ray burst models from grb 221009a gev gamma rays versus high energy neutrinos |
topic | Gamma-ray bursts Neutrino astronomy Cosmic ray sources |
url | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acaf5e |
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